1. Life in the Southern United States: 1820-1860

2. Summarize how the Southern economy changed due to the introduction of the cotton gin Explain the correlation between increased cotton production & slavery Learning Objectives Learning Objectives ( aka. What I want you to learn today!)

3. Antebellum Antebellum Emancipation Emancipation Economy Economy Antebellum Antebellum Emancipation Emancipation Economy Economy Presentation Vocabulary

4. T HE ANTEBELLUM SOUTH Antebellum = “before war” So when someone says, The Antebellum South, He/she means … Life in the South before the American Civil War

5. EMANCIPATION Emancipation = “to set free” So when someone says, The farmer emancipated his enslaved people, He/she means … The farmer set his enslaved people free

6. ECONOMY ECONOMY = “a country’s resources, jobs, & production interacting” So when someone says, The Southern Economy was built around farming, He/she means … Most of the South’s jobs & people making money, were connected to farming

7. Emancipation in the North

8. Missouri Compromise 1820

9.  Most common occupation = FARMING  Not many factories  Weak banking system  Relatively few Railroads IV.ANTEBELLUM SOUTHERN SOCIETY

10. So if most people are farmers, what did they grow?

13. A “Cotton Boll”

14. B Y 1850, IN THE S OUTHERN U NITED S TATES … “ COTTON IS KING ”

15. Southern AgricultureSouthern AgricultureSouthern AgricultureSouthern Agriculture

16. A COTTON GIN ( SHORT FOR COTTON ENGINE ] ) IS A MACHINE THAT QUICKLY AND EASILY SEPARATES THE COTTON FIBERS FROM THE SEEDS, A JOB PREVIOUSLY DONE BY HAND. COTTON

18. 1820 1860 Changes in Cotton Production

19. Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports

20. Cotton is measured in “BALES”

21. More BALES of Cotton!

22. How many more BALES of cotton were produced in 1860 compared to 1800?

23. What else was necessary for cotton production to increase by 4 million bales?

24. Slaves Picking Cotton on a Mississippi Plantation

25. “Hauling the Whole Week’s Pickings” William Henry Brown, 1842

26. Slaves Using the Cotton Gin

33. Where is cotton production thriving?

34. ENSLAVED-PERSON POPULATION COTTON PRODUCTION

35. Darker areas = high slave population

36.  Northern Factories  European Markets What is the South’s COTTON KINGDOM doing once they harvest all this cotton? Who is buying cotton?

37.  COTTON GIN  ENSLAVED PEOPLE  Northern U.S. & EUROPE had a high demand for cotton to be used in textile factories REVIEW: REASONS for COTTON PRODUCTION INCREASE