1. Nominations & Elections Nominate – to become selected as a candidate for a political party

2. Nominations & Elections Back in the day... How did political parties nominate candidates for president?

3. Nominations & Elections In 1800, how did the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans decide who their candidates would be?

4. Nominations & Elections Caucus – a meeting of a group of like- minded people Practical – communication, transportation Closed Unrepresentative

5. Nominations & Elections Criticism of the caucus system leads to...... conventions.

6. Nominations & Elections Convention – a meeting of specially selected people. At first, appeared more representative Controlled by party bosses

7. Nominations & Elections 1910 – Direct Primaries Used to nominate state and national candidates Used to select delegates to national convention

8. Nominations & Elections The System Today Three campaigns  Campaigns #1 and #2: major party nominations  Campaign #3: the general election Rules set by:  U.S. Constitution  State and Federal Law  Political Parties

9. Nominations & Elections Campaign #3: The General Election From the 2008 General Election Senator Barack Obama Democrat Senator John McCain Republican

10. Nominations & Elections Campaign #3: The General Election How were the two candidates in Campaign #3 selected?

11. Nominations & Elections Campaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries Step 1: Political parties announce conventions Step 2: Candidates announce desire to be the parties nominee

12. Nominations & Elections Campaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries From the 2008 Primary Campaign Democrats Republicans

13. Nominations & Elections Campaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries Step 1: Political parties announce conventions Step 2: Candidates announce desire to be the parties nominee Step 3: Campaigns and debates begin

14. Nominations & Elections

15. Campaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries Step 1: Political parties announce conventions Step 2: Candidates announce desire to be the parties nominee Step 3: Campaigns and debates begin Step 4: State by state primaries and caucuses occur. Candidates collect delegates to the convention.

16. Nominations & Elections Democrats Republicans

17. Nominations & Elections Democrats Republicans

18. Nominations & Elections Campaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries Democrats Republicans 124 80 30 12 8484 62 4 45 0 78 14

19. Nominations & Elections Democrats Republicans

20. Nominations & Elections Democrats Republicans

21. Nominations & Elections Campaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries Democrats Republicans 72 90 10 0 9191 55 0 0000

22. Nominations & Elections Campaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries Democrats Republicans 2,158 1,920 1,401

23. Nominations & Elections Campaigns #1 and #2: The Primaries Step 1: Political parties announce conventions Step 2: Candidates announce desire to be the parties nominee Step 3: Campaigns and debates begin Step 4: State by state primaries and caucuses occur. Candidates collect delegates to the convention. Step 5: Nominee made “official” at convention

24. Nominations & Elections

25. Campaign #3: The General Election Senator Barack Obama Democrat Senator John McCain Republican

26. Nominations & Elections How did we get to the convention / caucus / primary system we have today?

27. Nominations & Elections 1968 Democratic Convention Chicago, Illinois

28. Nominations & Elections

34. Conventions still dominated by party “bosses” who take delegate seats Party bosses ignore the will of the party masses opposed to the Vietnam War McGovern –Frasure Commission: open delegate selection process  Expansion of primaries of delegate selection  Change affects Republicans in states which require same rules for both parties 1984: Democrats create “superdelegates”

35. Nominations & Elections

36. Frontloading: process of states moving primary / caucuses earlier in the calendar in order to have a bigger impact