1. GSM TOWARDS LTE NETWORKS
Lecture # 3

2. SUBSCRIBER IDENIFIERS
SIM
MSISDN
IMEI
IMSI

3. GSM IDENIFIERS MSISDN – Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number
IMEI – International Mobile Equipment Identity
IMEI is an internationally-unique serial number allocated to the MS hardware at the time
of manufacture. It is registered by the network operator and (optionally) stored in the AuC for validation purpose.
MSISDN – Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number
MSISDN represents the true or dialed number associated with the subscriber.It is assigned to the subscriber by the network operator and is stored in the SIM. It is possible for the MS to hold more then one MSISDN.

4. GSM IDENIFIERS
IMSI– International Mobile Subscriber Identifier
When a subscriber registers with a network operator, a unique subscriber IMSI identifier is issued and stored in the SIM of the MS. A mobile station can only function fully if it is operated with a valid SIM inserted into a MS with a valid IMEI.
MSRN – Mobile Station Roaming Number
The MSRN is a temporary, location-dependent ISDN number issued by parent VLR to all MSs within its area of responsibility. It is stored in the VLR and associated HLR but in MS. The MSRN is used by the VLR Associated MSC for all call routing within the MSC/VLR service area.

5. List of Abbreviations ACK: Acknowledge. ACM: Answer Complete Message.
ANM: Answer Message.
APN: Access Point Name.
AUC:Authentication Center.
BSC: Base Station Controller.
BSSMAP: Base Station System Management Application Part.
BTS: Base Transceiver Station.
CS1+: Channel signaling.
FI: First Interrogation.
FIR: First Interrogation Response.

6. List of Abbreviations GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node.
GPRS: General Packet Radio System.
HLR: Home Location Register.
HO: Handover.
HPLMN: Home Public Line Mobile Network.
IAM: Initial Address Message
IDP: Initial Detect Point.
IMSI: International Mobile Subscriber Identification.
IN: Intelligent Network.
IP: Internet Protocol.
ISUP: ISDN User Part.

7. List of Abbreviations ITSC: International Telephone Switching Center.
LAN:Local Area Network.
MAP: Mobile Application Part.
MGT:Mobile Global Title.
MS: Mobile System.
MSC: Mobile Switching Center.
MSISDN: Mobile Station ISDN Number.
MSRN: Mobile Station Roaming Number.
PDP: Packet Data protocol.
PRN: Provide Roaming Number.
SCP: Service Control Point.
SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node.

8. List of Abbreviations SPC: Signaling Point Code.
SRI: Send Routing Information.
SSF: Switching Service Function.
SSN: Sub-System Number.

9. Location Update

10. BSC STP Location update request BTS Location Update Accepted
IMSI =
SSN=254
BSC
BTS
SSN=7
Location Update Accepted
STP
HLR/AUC
SSN=6
MSISDN  VLR

11. Call from MS to MS in HPLMN

12.    4. SRI 7. SRI 6. PRN 5. PRN 2. AUT REQ & RES
HLR
HLR Add.
HLR SPC
HLR SSN
MAP
IMSIMSRN
(MSISDN)
4. SRI
SSN=6
7. SRI
(MSRN)
VLR
VLR Add.
VLR SPC
VLR SSN
6. PRN
(MSRN)
SSN=7
5. PRN
MSISDNIMSI
(IMSI)
2. AUT REQ & RES
8. Paging Global Message
11. Alert
10. Setup
BSC
BSSMAP
BSC
SSN=254
SSN=254
12. connect
1. Channel Request
12. connect
3. Setup
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS   
11. Alert
9. Paging Response

13. Call from PSTN to MS in HPLMN

14.    7. Paging Global Message BSC 9. Setup 12. connect
HLR
HLR Add.
HLR SPC
HLR SSN 
(MSISDN)
(MSISDN)
MAP
SSN=6
SSN=8
ISUP
(MSRN)
MSISDNIMSI
IMSIMSRN
(MSRN)
(MSRN)
VLR
VLR Add.
VLR SPC
VLR SSN
(IMSI)
SSN=7
7. Paging Global Message
BSSMAP
BSC
9. Setup
SSN=254
12. connect
8. Paging Response
BTS
BTS
BTS  
10. Alert

15. Prepaid Call from MS to MS in HPLMN

16.    16. connect 15. Alert 5. FI 8. SRI 4. IDP 11. SRI 6. FIR 10. PRN
HLR
HLR Add.
HLR SPC
HLR SSN
5. FI
MAP
(MSISDN)
IMSIMSRN
8. SRI
4. IDP
SSN=6
11. SRI
6. FIR
(MSRN)
VLR
VLR Add.
VLR SPC
VLR SSN
CS1+
10. PRN
7. Connect
(MSRN)
SSN=7
9. PRN
MSISDNIMSI
(IMSI)
2. AUT REQ & RES
15. Alert
14. Setup
12. Paging Global Message
SSN=254
BSC
BSSMAP
BSC
SSN=254
16. connect
1. Channel Request
16. connect
3. Setup
BTS
BTS
BTS
BTS   
15. Alert
13. Paging Response

17. Handover

18.  Inter MSC Handover Old BSC New BSC New MSC SSN=7 SSN=254 1. HO REQ
Old BTS
BSC
Old MSC
Old BSC 
Inter MSC Handover
5. Timing Advance
4. HO Access Burst
7. HO complete
3. New TCH info.
New BTS
BSC
2. Activation order
New BSC
New MSC
SSN=7
6. HO detected
SSN=254

19. SMS Mobile Originating & SMS Mobile Terminating

20. 7. Routing Info REQ and RES
1. Service Req.
SSN=254 
BTS
BSC
6. Ack
SSN=7
2. Send SM and Ack.
3. Check SMS sub. & send SM 
9- Delivered
B-Number
5. Report
8. Forward SM
4. Send SM
HLR sc
IMSI/MSC Address
Existing SIMA
SSN=6
7. Routing Info REQ and RES
Proposal: empower

21. GPRS

22. 3. SGSN validates the request
SSN=6
HLR
3. SGSN validates the request
5. GGSN asks for IP
6. Send IP
2. AUC Check and RES
1. Send PDP
4. Send APN to GGSN 
BTS
SGSN
GGSN
BSC
SSN=254
7. Send IP

23. WIRELESS ACCESS EVOLUTION
Subscribers
Broadband
Network Simplification
Cost of Ownership
New Services
Efficiency
More Data Services required
Voice Quality
Portability
Capacity
Data Service
Coverage
Mobility 1G 2G 3G 4G
Voice
Broadband