1. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 1 The EU and the international negotiations on climate change May 2008 Dr. Nicola Notaro, Policy Coordinator, European Commission, DG Environment, Unit C1 Climate Strategy, International Negotiation & Monitoring of EU Action

2. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 2 EC Treaty Article 174.1: Objectives l Preserving, protecting, improving the environment l Protecting human health l Prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources l Promoting measures at international level to deal with regional/global problems

3. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 3 EC Treaty Article 174.2: Principles l High level of protection l Precaution l Prevention l Rectification at source l Polluter-pays l Integration in Article 6!

4. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 4 EU leadership on world stage l Cradle of industrialisation, source of both problems and solutions l Strong belief in multilateral process l “EU model” attracts wide range of countries l Community competence based on the Treaty. Both the EC and the MS become Parties to international treaties (shared competence)

5. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 5 International context l EC is Party to more than 40 international conventions such as rUNFCCC (climate change including Kyoto Protocol) rConvention on Biological Diversity (including Cartagena Protocol on GMOs) rAarhus Convention on access to information r Stockholm Convention on POPs (chemicals)

6. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 6 International Climate Change Policy l The UNFCCC: m national programmes and reports, m industrialised countries to stabilise GHGs emissions at 1990 levels by 2000, non binding goal l The Kyoto Protocol: m overall aggregate target 5,2% by 2008-2012, m binding targets for industrialised countries, m EU 15 ‘bubble’ at 8%; the other MS

7. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 7 Post 2012 -EU Building Blocks (Spring Council 2007). A shared vision : 2°C, 50 % global emissions reductions by 2050 compared to 1990; 20% by 2020 or 30% if not alone. Developed countries to commit to further significant cuts. Developing countries to enhance their contributions. Strenghtening the global carbon market. Adaptation Framework. Technologies deployement, development, transfer. Deforestation. Emissions from maritime and aviation international transport. Mobilising finance and investments for climate change

8. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 8 Bali Action Plan l Start of negotiations on a global and comprehensive agreement for post 2012 m m “two track approach” with two separate Ad-hoc Working Groups – to end by 2009 m m A shared vision? r rExplicit only in Kyoto track (Annex I Parties’ indicative collective emission reduction range of 25 – 40 % by 2020 ) r rConvention track does not explicitly identify a level of ambition (resistance of US, Japan and Russia)

9. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 9 Bali is a breakthrough l that US engage in negotiations and subscribes to a decision with an explicit reference to emission reduction commitments l that explicit reference is made to the need for developing countries to take action first time,

10. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 10 The mandate I l Reference to shared vision l Mitigation: m Further commitments or actions by developed countries m Mitigation actions/contributions by developing countries m Action to address deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, m Sectoral approaches and sector specific actions, m Use of markets, as part of a range of approaches for cost effective mitigation

11. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 11 The mandate II l Adaptation: m Actions at national and international level, m Risk reduction, risk management strategies m Economic diversification l Technology: m Deployment, diffusion and transfer, R&D cooperation, transfer of environmentally sound technologies to developing countries l Finance: m Adequate and predictable financing for developing countries, m Positive incentives for mitigation and adaptation, m Funding for adaptation in vulnerable countries and m Capacity building and mobilisation of public and private finance.

12. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 12 What is next? (I) l Bali is just the start! l Intensification of the negotiating process in the next 2 years with stock taking in Poznan first l 4 meetings/negotiating sessions per year at least. l Bangkok, last April, agreement on a work programme

13. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 13 What is next? (II) l Bonn in June: focus on adaptation, technology transfer and financing) l Use of outside processes to support the negotiations: G8, MEM, UN summits... l Intensification of contacts/dialogue with key third country partners.

14. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 14²

15. European Commission: Environment Directorate General Slide: 15 More info on: l http://ec.europa.eu/environment/climat/ho me_en.htm http://ec.europa.eu/environment/climat/ho me_en.htm http://ec.europa.eu/environment/climat/ho me_en.htm Thank you !