1. Photosynthesis

2. Photo + Synthesis Photo = ? Synthesis = ? http://s3.amazonaws.com/picable/2009/04/17/885193_Photosynthesis-How-it- Works-LightDependent-Reactions-amp-Calvin-Cycle_620.jpg From its name, what do you think mean?

3. http://www.geographyalltheway.com/ib_geography/ib_ecosystems/imagesetc/food _web.gif http://s3.amazonaws.com/picable/2009/04/17/8 85193_Photosynthesis-How-it-Works- LightDependent-Reactions-amp-Calvin- Cycle_620.jpg Guess the message of this slide

4. Are plants the only organisms that can carry out photosynthesis? http://bio1151b.nicerweb.net/Locked/media/ch10/10_02Photoautotrophs.jpg

5. Science Golden Rule Law of Conservation of Energy – energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can only be transformed from one state to another Q: Describe the energy transformation that takes place in photosynthesis.

6. Cellular Respiration vs Photosynthesis Oxygen, Carbon dioxide, Glucose, Water, ATP, Light 1. Choose words from the above list to write the word equation for cellular respiration. 2. Choose words from the above list to write the word equation for photosynthesis. 3. What do you notice?

7. Cellular Respiration vs Photosynthesis Cellular respiration Oxygen + Glucose  Carbon dioxide + Water + ATP Photosynthesis Carbon dioxide + Water + Light  Oxygen + Glucose (Chemical energy in organic compound) (Chemical energy ) (Chemical energy in organic compound) (Light energy)

8. Cellular Respiration vs Photosynthesis Cellular respiration 6 O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6  6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + ATP Photosynthesis 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + Light  6 O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6

9. Light http://www.trekearth.com/gallery/Europe/Portugal/South/Lis boa/Massama/photo133016.htm What colour would you describe this light?

10. http://www.insidesocal.com/friendlyfire/rainb ow-too.jpg http://www.andybrain.com/sciencelab/wp- content/uploads/2007/12/cd-spinner-3.jpg A Spectrum of Colour

11. http://electron9.phys.utk.edu/phys135d/modules/m10/images/prism.jpg All come from white light

12. http://cronodon.com/sitebuilder/images/spectrum.jpg Light detectable by human eyes

13. http://www.wwu.edu/depts/skywise/img/light_spectrum.bmp Lightwaves, wavelength

14. How do we see colours? http://learn.uci.edu/media/OC08/11004/OC0811004_Red.jpg

15. How do we see colours? http://www.factmonster.com/images/ESCI122COLOUR008.jpg Red apple reflects red light and absorbs other colours http://www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/lessons/middle/images/apple_reflection.jpg

16. Light enters the eye, signals are sent to the brain, colours are interpreted

17. Visible light is only the waves the human eyes can see Infrared http://www.centurionservices.com/images/infrared.jpg Ultraviolet http://www.maplin.co.uk/images/Full/mw36p.jpg X-ray http://sleevage.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/08/homer_simpson_xray.jpg Microwave http://www.sailorsams.com/images/contoure_microwave_cm7060S.jpg

18. http://www.colourtherapyhealing.com/colour/ images/electromagnetic-spectrum.jpg

19. What colour does a leaf reflect? What colours does it absorb? http://www.factmonster.com/images/ESCI122COLOUR008.jpg http://www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/lessons/middle/images/apple_reflection.jpg Red apple reflects red light and absorbs other colours http://www.faqs.org/photo-dict/photofiles/list/3394/4513chestnut_leaf.jpg

20. 3.8.3, 3.8.4 Absorption Spectrum http://www.vernier.com/caliper/fall06/images/chlorophyll_large.jpg http://www.shortcourses.com/images/b4ch4/greenobject.jpg Chlorophyll

21. 3.8.3 Chlorophyll as pigment

22. Absorption Spectrum Light absorbed by plants Action Spectrum Light used for photosynthesis http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Sciences/BotanicalSciences/PlantHormones/Nutrition/706.GIF 8.2.7

23. Details of Photosynthesis Many similarities to cellular respiration! Familiar terms: – H + (protons), electrons, NADP +, NADPH, electron transport chain, ATP, ADP, phosphates, ATP synthase, proton gradient, chemiosmosis – (Go revise cellular respiration first! You’ll feel more confident.)

24. http://www.caribbeanedu.com/images/kewl/photo synthesis.gif Q: How does plant obtain water?

25. Identify in this diagram Assessment Statements 3.8.5 and 3.8.6 http://www.biologycorner.com/resources/photosynthesis3.jpg Inside the chloroplast

26. Identify in this diagram Assessment Statements 3.8.5 and 3.8.6 http://www.biologycorner.com/resources/photosynthesis3.jpg Inside the chloroplast

27. 8.2.1, 8.2.6 http://www.s-cool.co.uk/assets/learn_its/alevel/biology/cells-and- organelles/organelles/chloroplast-b.gif

28. http://cfcc.edu/faculty/dnorris/pdf/photosynthesis.jpg

30. 8.2.3 8.2.4

31. 8.2.5 Light-independent Reaction/ Calvin Cycle 1.Carbon dioxide is "fixed" or attached to a 5-carbon sugar called ribulose biphosphate (RuBP) – by the enzyme ribulose biphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCo) 2.Produce a 6-carbon sugar similar to the sugar glucose. Each (unstable) 6 carbon molecules splits into 2 (3 Carbon compounds) known as Glycerate 3-phosphate (GP) which is an acid. 3.ATP and NADPH used to convert GP to sugar Triose Phosphate (TP, a.k.a. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, G3P) 4.TP can be removed from the cycle and used for the formation of larger carbohydrates such as glucose, sucrose and starch. 5.3 RuBP is regenerated from the every 5 remaining TP. (3 x 5C = 5 x 3C)

32. (GP) = Triose Phosphate (TP)

33. Factors affecting rate of photosynthesis

34. 3.8.8, 8.2.8 Where have you seen a similar graph before? http://click4biology.info/c4b/3/images/3.8/temperature.gif

35. 3.8.8, 8.2.8 Where have you seen a similar graph before? http://www.skoool.ie/skoool/uploadedImages/contentimages/graph2.gif http://www.spsbiology.info/Learning%20exercises/Photosynthesis%20mulitchoice/CO2%20limiting.gif