1. NORS/NDACC UV-VIS meeting, Brussels, 3-4 July 2012 1 From CINDI to CINDI-2 Discussion

2. Why a follow-up campaign after CINDI? NORS/NDACC UV-VIS meeting, Brussels, 3-4 July 2012 2 First CINDI campaign was very successfull –24 DOAS/MAXDOAS systems –4 in-situ NO 2 / aerosol analysers –Raman + backscatter aerosol lidars –NO 2 lidar –First demonstration of NO 2 sonde by KNMI –10+ ongoing publications: Roscoe et al., Piters et al., Irie et al., Zieger et al., Pinardi et al., Wittrock et al., Friess et al., Spinei et al., Sluis et al. But… –Measurement synchronisation imperfect, pointing accuracy issues –Interpretation of NO 2 measurements limited (little ancillary information on vertical distribution and on horizontal gradients around the site) –No long-path measurements –No aircraft measurements –Weather conditions as good as can be in The Netherlands

3. What more for CINDI-2 ? NORS/NDACC UV-VIS meeting, Brussels, 3-4 July 2012 3 More aerosol measurements? More DOAS measurements? –long-path DOAS –miniDOAS network (Pandora?) Aircraft measurements?  In-situ sensors  AMAXDOAS  Imaging DOAS More satellite validation?

4. NORS/NDACC UV-VIS meeting, Brussels, 3-4 July 2012 4 Aircraft NO 2 instrument Option 1: simple commercial instrument (as for CINDI) modified for use on an aircraft. OK as long as the aircraft doesn’t fly very high (say < 3000 m) Option 2: more sensitive instrument as used during the SPURT aircraft measurement campaigns. That instrument is owned by ETH and was operated for some time at Jungfraujoch. A few months ago it was rented out to DLR which has made a complete revision of the instrument (exchanged the pump, etc.). From Hans Schlager I have heard that the instrument is in good shape at the moment. I could ask ETH (Thomas Peter) whether they would be interested and willing to operate this instrument for the campaign. Option 3: rent the NOxtoy instrument of Bruno Neininger. Option 4: Empa develops a completely new instrument based on QCL laser technology. Very accurate and reliable, especially for NO2. I doubt, that such an instrument would be ready for operation on an aircraft by early 2014. Aircraft Bruno Neininger would be interested in operating his DIMONA aircraft during the campaign. Bruno has a very long experience in this kind of measurements and is at the same time reliable, flexible, and cheap. He is currently involved in another ESA project to measure CO2 and CH4 profiles. Cost: The basis for the calculation is a 2-week measurement campaign with a total of 3 active days with 6 flight hours per active day plus the ferry. Total cost: 40’400 EUR Problem with Metair is that reliable operation of their NOxtoy instrument is quite a laborious task. The instrument is very sensitive but other compounds interfere with the NO2 measurement and these interferences need to be carefully calibrated/eliminated. APEX Interest from EMPA to participate with the APEX instrument. If funding available, it would be great to fly APEX as well, for example to characterize the horizontal distribution of NO2 along the line-of-sight of the MAX-DOAS instruments. APEX would have to be flown on another aircraft than the Spanish one. RSL is currently evaluating different potential platforms. We are also evaluating options to fly APEX together with an in-situ NO 2 instrument. E-mail Dominik Brunner, 3/07/2012

5. Funding NORS/NDACC UV-VIS meeting, Brussels, 3-4 July 2012 5 ESA? –S5P/TROPOMI validation programme (strong interest within MAG) –CEOS intercalibration follow-up? EU? National?