1. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 20041 S. Olariu1, K. Maly2, E. C. Foudriat3 and S. M. Yamany4 {1,2,3}Department of Computer Science, Old Dominion University Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA {4}Systems and Biomedical Engineering Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt Wireless support for telemedicine in disaster management

2. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 20042 Outline Telemedicine WIRM Architecture H3M H3M in disaster relief Conclusions

3. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 20043 WIRM system architecture A novel 3D compression paradigm to transfer of 3D data over the bandwidth-constrained links telemedicine support for the victims of disasters and emergency situations over wireless networks technologically feasible and economically viable An Interactive Remote Visualization tool (IRI, for short) developed and tested at Old Dominion University A robust broadband wireless architecture -- the Hierarchical Heterogeneous Highly Mobile Network (H3M, for short flexible and cost-effective platform for rapid deployment in support of disaster relief search-and-rescue emergency situations-related applications.

4. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 20044

5. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 20045 Wireless Interactive Remote Medicine (WIRM ) architecture Data acquisition module video capturing, 3D scanner and 3D/traditional ultrasound system. Data acquisition module may have a connection to a PACS system if available. The acquired data is fed into the corresponding processing modules. The output of these modules results: Complete Descriptive Model (CDM) of the anatomy of the visualized organs and their underlying structures. An interactive visualization module provides a real-time, dynamic interface between the examiner at the patient site and experts at remote sites. Connection between sites are based on a wireless network architecture.

6. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 20046 WIRM objective: training of response personnel Goal of the WIRM architecture: provide an obvious and intuitive training tool offer an environment where: the students and their mentors at distant locations can download information about new patients perform analyses examine the 3D representation of the actual biological structure using high fidelity visualization tools enables real-time navigation in an accurate metric space perform virtual dissection using virtual instruments and with real biological tissue simulation. mentors or experts interacting with them in real time

7. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 20047 H3M

8. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 20048 disaster relief operations Mobile base stations as cluster heads Hosts may have a simple digital-based T/R voice communication Node may have large amount of sophisticated communication equipment distributed over a geographical area wireless communication system cluster supports both inter- and intra-cluster communication dynamic, multiple-node, multiple-media-access – DMNA

9. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 20049 H3M operation Multiple access within a frame Multiple-type messages Subframe has dynamic boundaries Link utilization during frame activity Knowledge garnered through each subframe Cooperate in sharing the link capacity Network decisions occur periodically

10. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 200410 H3M operation- contnd call setup acknowledge and rejection requested by a node in the previous frame; node attachment as nodes move and reattach; cluster and network activity as clusters are formed and dissolved; and bandwidth allocation for this cluster as load balancing is implemented

11. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 200411 H3M operation- contnd at least one node in each cluster has sufficient transmitter power to be heard by all other clusters; and nodes in each cluster have enough additional receivers so that each cluster can monitor outside cluster messages and retransmit them where necessary.

12. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 200412 H3M as the Center of Communications provide the interface between wireless sensor networks deployed in the terrain and various authorities including Police HQ, Fire HQ, the Point of Command and Control provide the coordination and control functions associated with a mobile task force deployed in support of disaster management

13. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 200413 H3M as the Center of Communications

14. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 200414 H3M as the Center of Communications

15. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 200415 Location awareness GPS-based solutions: problems do not have the required accuracy to enable pinpointing the exact location of the victims (especially in an urban environment) GPS does not work well in poor atmospheric conditions (very conditions under which emergency situations are likely to arise)

16. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 200416 Location awareness Olariu proposed a novel, proactive, light-weight, GPS-free solution best left to the user itself whose hand-held unit is quite capable of monitoring its location by cleverly exploiting beacons from neighboring MBSs along its trajectory incorporated into H3M overloading currently-performed signaling

17. July, 6, 2004 QoS and Dynamic Systems Workshop, ICPADS 200417 Conclusions Wireless Interactive Remote Medicine Support of disaster management Interactive training Wireless network structure Rapidly deployable, robust, and can handle multimedia-grade streams