1. Notes on Subatomic Particles There are 3 subatomic particles in an atom: 1. 2. 3. proton neutron electron

2. nucleus Proton Neutron (positive) (neutral) Electrons (negative)

3. Subatomic Particle ChargeLocationMass Proton Neutron Electron (p + ) (n) (e - ) positive neutral negative nucleus Zip around nucleus in shells 1 amu (atomic mass unit) 1 amu _1_ amu 1837

4. When using the periodic table to find subatomic particle information… A Z symbol Atomic mass # Atomic # Atomic mass # :Is a number in decimal form When you round it, it tells you the mass of p + + n + e - x Atomic # :Tells the # of p + Tells the # of e - To find the # of neutrons: Atomic mass # - atomic # = # neutrons

5. Atoms that aren’t typical ISOTOPE – atom with a number of neutrons that is higher or lower than what’s indicated on the periodic table (typically radioactive) ION – atom with a number of electrons that is higher (anion) or lower (cation) than what’s indicated on the periodic table

6. Examples on Subatomic Particle Worksheet: symbolnameZp+p+ nAe-e- Na23 5191 133 55 23 11 sodium11 12 91 zirconiumZr 40 cesiumCs55 13378

7. Notes on the Periodic Table Periodic table created by Dimitri Mendeleev He organized it by increasing mass (doesn’t work…look at #27 and #28) and by similar properties NOW organized by increasing atomic number and by similar properties

8. Organization of the Periodic Table Rows (  ) – periods, shells, energy levels, electron clouds Left of Zig Zag Line - metals, cations (positive ions) Columns (↕) – groups, families, # of valence electrons Zig Zag Line – metalloids, semi-metals, semiconductors Right of ZigZag Line – non-metals, anions (negative ions)

9. Families of the Periodic Table Column 1 – Alkali Metals Column 2 – Alkaline Earth Metals Column 8 (18) – Nobel Gases Column 7 (17) – Halogens Column 6 (16) – Oxygen Family * Column 5 (15) – Nitrogen Family **Note: Only Down to Zig Zag line for Oxygen Family and Nitrogen Family!!

10. Families of the Periodic Table continued… Middle of the periodic table … TRANSITION METALS Coinage Family (Cu, Ag, Au) Lanthanides (1st row on bottom) Actinides (2nd row on bottom)