1. Tutorial -1: BB 101 (30/7/13) Q.1: The language of life is coded into two sets of alphabets. The genetic information which is coded in the DNA is read by transcriptional and translational machineries into the functional form of proteins. The genetic code is written in a language which has 4 constituents, (A, T, G, C) (similar to letters of the English alphabet). However, the language of proteins is constituted by 20 amino acids (letters in the protein language). Now, when the translational machinery is at work while synthesizing a protein after having read the genetic code, the machinery reads three nucleotides at a time from the DNA known as a triplet codon and each triplet codon codes for one amino acid. From simple combina-torials, find out how much redundancy of code exists. Also, try to explain why such a redundancy might have been coded into the genetic code of life.

2. DNA

4. Genetic Code