1. Global Changes from World Fossil Fuel Energy Exhaustion Greg McCormick

2. Outline World Fossil Fuel Reserves FF Consumption Rates FF Exhaustion Carbon Dioxide Levels GHG and Earth Temperature Impacts

3. World Energy Reserves Crude Oil –1.22 Trillion Barrels Coal –998 Billion Tons Natural Gas –6.28 Quadrillion ft 3 (STP) Total Carbon Mass: 832 Trillion kg By Fuel Mass

4. Global Oil Consumption Projections –USA Annual change: 1.2%/yr –Developing Countries (Asia) Annual change: 3.0%/yr –World Annual change: 1.4%/yr

5. Reserve Lifetimes Crude Oil exhaustion in 2037

6. Natural Gas will be exhausted in 2043 Reserve Lifetimes

7. Coal will be exhausted in 2072 Reserve Lifetimes

8. Carbon Emissions Carbon Dioxide –100 yr Lifetime Current Atmospheric Levels –383 ppm –Avg. increase (1960 – Present) 1.5 ppm/yr 200 Billion kg (Current total release) Future Atmospheric Levels –Global Carbon release (65 yrs away) 770 ppm Max 101% increase (2x)

9. GHG and Temperature Temperature Increases and CO 2 levels are correlated

10. Future Temperature

11. Temperatures Future Global Avg. Temperature 67 °F Current Avg. Temperature 59 °F Change: +8 °F

12. Impacts Significant reduction of ice sheets –Likely complete melting Vegetation –Increased vegetation in temperate mid-high latitudes Seas –Slowing of ocean conveyer –Rising Water levels and temperatures Weather –Increased storm intensity Arable land –Increased dessert area –Reduced rain / increased flooding

13. Impacts Animal Population dynamics –Insect boom from warmer winters –Decreasing fish populations –Increasing jellyfish populations

14. Effort Needed CO 2 emissions must be curbed drastically and soon Climate change will occur unless changes are made Alternative fuels and energies deserve higher priority in government and industry funding