1. 1 CO 2 Capture, Transport and Storage (CCS) Key enabler for a fully decarbonised energy system Dr. Nils A. Rökke, EERA JP Co-ordinator CCS Vice President Climate Technologies SINTEF, Norway Side-event SET Plan Conference: 2014-12-11 Rome, Italy

2. Partners in EERA JP CCS

3. 3 What is the problem with fossil fuels? It can be found almost everywhere – as coal, oil or gas Easy to use Relatively cheap Unprecedented infrastructure built for fossil fuels Supplies 80% of primary energy demand globally It brought most of you here today Causes global warming- thus climate change due to it's release of CO 2 So what can we do with that? Ever heard of CCS?- it removes CO 2 from fossil fuels Problem solved QUIZ

4. What are the issues?- why don’t we just do it? Legislation Technology Safe storage Acceptance Funding

5. What does it take? 5 CCS must be made profitable to become profitable A level playing field Incentivised ETS price (5 -> 50 -> 100€/ton)- long term signal EPS (emission performance standards) – powerful- works in North America Laws, regulations and concessions- fiscal and non-fiscal instruments Technology Some plants must be built Support R&I for more optimal CCS including use of CO 2 with permanent storage Gas power and industrial sources important, carbon negative solutions (bioCCS), pilot and demo's for capture, transport and storage Acceptance and legislation A strong need to inform people about CCS in Europe drawing upon past and present experience as a basis for improving the knowledge and perception of CCS. Legisation must be compatible with business models and climate targets.

6. What can EERA CCS Joint Programme contribute to ? 6 Defragmenting European CCS R&I- typically TRL 1-4/5- intend to climb to higher TRL's Take initiatives to establish European CCS projects by pooling resources from MS and EU – different TRL's Contribute to close gaps in CCS knowledge including facilitating international co- operation Whilst technology is not a hindrance for deploying CCS- we need to refine and drive down costs- continuous R&I actions are needed

7. R&I priorities for CCS in Europe

8. 8 GCCSI, Andrew Purvis