1. The role of productive Sanitation for global sustainability Johan Rockström Executive Director

2. 2015-11-02 Johan Rockström and Carl Folke, Stockholm Resilience Centre A biosphere shaped by humanity Potsdam Memorandum 10th October 2007 ”Is there a ”third way” between environmental destablisation and persisting under-development? Yes, there is, but this way has to bring about, rapidly and ubiquituously, a thorough re-invention of our industrial metabolism – the Great Transformation. This is an awesome challenge, yet we have one comparative advantage over all previous generations: an incredibly advanced system of knowledge production that can be harnessed, in principle, to co-generate that transformation together with courageous political leaders, enlightened business executives and civil society at large”

3. Globalisation of the Environment Fishmeal imports to shrimp farming in Thailand

4. Water and food to attain the MDGs 2200 km 3 /yr “new” water 2005-2015

5. Source Nutrients Production System Consumption ”Waste” load to aquatic ecosystems Closing the Nutrient Loop The System dilemma Oil Price ”Sustainable” biofuel supply Wealth driven diet shifts

6. Ecosystem Services The wealth generated for human beings

7. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Key messages 60 % of analysed ecosystem services degraded over the past 50 years Agriculture the major driver behind ecosystem change

8. The Challenge of meeting food demands on sustainable ground  New Green-Green Revolution  Focus on small-scale agriculture in developing countries – Triply Green Revolution  Agricultural revolution in integrated soil-water-crop management necessary

10. Nutrient Recycling and Agricultural productivity  Largest potential in sub-Saharan Africa (return 80 – 100 % of current fertiliser use)  Developing countries – large potential to return substantial volumes of macro-nutrients (2-3 kg P, 10-15 kg N)

11. Dynamics of Water Save 1500 km 3 /yr ~ Present Consumptive Use in World Irrigation

12. C SOURCES AND SINKS (Gt/yr) Industry 7 Land Use Change 1.6 Volcanoes 0.08 Weathering 0.19 12 0 Photosynthes is 2.7 Increased Uptake by Plants 12 0 Resipiration LAND Adapted from New Scientist 19 May 2007

13. The potential ”flip” of the Baltic Sea A vulnerable Social-ecological system under extreme stress 2015-11-02

14. Adaptation to Climate Change An urgent development challenge

15. Agrarian revolution Integration water, soil, nutrients CA WHEcoSan

16. Concluding remarks  Huge global challenge of a new Green-Green- Green revolution  Globalisation and the Planetary phase of sustainability requires new thinking on the future of agriculture  Small-holder farmers in tropical developing countries in focus  Closing the sanitation loop AND integrating with innovations in water and land management can provide the key to a new green revolution