1. BCCO PCT #4 PowerPoint AND COURSE TITLE Intermediate Child Abuse TCOLE Course # 2105 Participant Handout UNIT ONE

2. ADMINISTRATIVE Please complete the BCCO PCT #4 Registration form and turn it in now. Make sure you sign TCOLE Report of Training (PID#, Full Name and DOB). All cell phones off please – pay attention to course materials and show common respect & courtesy.

3. ADMINISTRATIVE Please complete the BCCO PCT #4 Registration form and turn it in now. Make sure you sign TCOLE Report of Training (PID#, Full Name and DOB). All cell phones off please – pay attention to course materials and show common respect & courtesy.

4. About Your Instructor Course Facilitator - Mentor George D. Little A.S. & B.S. Criminal Justice & Sociology B.S.CJ Wayland Baptist University, San Antonio M.S. Criminology & Counter-Terrorism University of the State of New York 2012 T.C.L.E.O.S.E. Professional Achievement Award Certified Crime Prevention Specialist (C.C.P.S.) TCLEOSE Basic Instructor Certificate 1984 TCLEOSE Master Peace Officer 1991 MP Special Operations Operator Counter-Terrorism 1988 Graduate Drug Enforcement Administration Academy 1977 42- years Law Enforcement Experience 39-Years Teaching & Instructor Experience

5. UNIT ONE INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW OF CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT 1.0

6. COURSE/LESSON OVERVIEW 1.Introduction and Overview of CHILD ABUSE and NEGLECT. 2.Authority and Responsibility in CHILD ABUSE cases. 3.Identifying Forms of CHILD ABUSE. 4.Components and Characteristics of CHILD ABUSE. 5.Investigative Strategies. 6.Special Investigative Issues and Final TEST

7. Learning Objectives Learning Objective 1.0: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW OF CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT Learning Objective 1.1 :The student will be able to identify general statements regarding child abuse. Learning Objective 1.2: The student will be able to identify the elements of those offenses against a child contained in the Penal Code. Learning Objective 1.3: The student will be able to identify historical perspectives relating to child abuse.

8. Learning Objective 1.4: Learning Objective 1.4: The student will be able to identify various factors of the organized efforts to combat child abuse. Learning Objective 1.5: Learning Objective 1.5: The student will be able to identify factors relating to the nature of the problem of child abuse. Learning Objective 1.6 Learning Objective 1.6 : The student will be able to list possible effects of child abuse as discussed in class.

9. FORWARD causes and effects of child abuse. This section will introduce the participant to an overview of the nature, causes and effects of child abuse. The participant will be able to demonstrate on a written objective type examination an understanding of this area to a specified percentage.

10. 1.1 Identifying general statements regarding Child Abuse. A.Child abuse is not usually a single ______ ______ or a single act of deprivation or molestation. B. Child abuse is usually a pattern of ____________, taking place over a period of time, and its effects are cumulative. 1.1

11. C.The longer child abuse continues, the more _______ it can become and the more serious the injury to the child. D.Some children cannot or will not ___ ___ for help when they need it, even when their lives are in danger. 1.1

12. behavior E. It is essential for peace officers to know what to look for in a child's ________ and ___________, as well as the parents' or caretaker's behavior, in order to identify child abuse. 1.1

13. F. Generally defined, a child is a person younger than ___ years of age. There are some exceptions identified in the Texas Penal Code: 1.PC Sec. 22.011: Sexual Assault. “Child” means a person younger than __ years of age. 1.1

14. F. 2: PC Sec. 22.021: Aggravated Sexual Assault. “Child” means a person younger than ___ years of age. F. 3: PC Sec. 22.04: Injury to a Child, Elderly Individual, or Disabled Individual. "Child" means a person ___ years of age or younger 1.1

15. F.4: PC Sec. 22.041: Abandoning or Endangering Child. “Child means a person younger than ___ years. 1.1

16. 1.2 Offenses against a CHILD in Texas Penal Code PC 9.61 Parent – Child Use Of ______ PC 9.62 Educator – _______ Use Of Force PC 20.0 Definition of _________ PC 20.02 Unlawful _________ 1.2

17. PC 20.03 __________ PC 21.11 ___________ with a Child PC 22.011 __________ Assault PC 22.021 ____________ Sexual Assault PC 22.04 ______ to a Child, Elderly Individual or Disabled Individual 1.2

18. PC 22.041 Abandoning or _______________ a Child PC 22.10 Leaving a Child in a ____________ PC 25.02 Prohibited ___________ Conduct PC 25.03 Interference with Child ____________ 1.2

19. PC 25.031 Agreement to ________ from Custody PC 25.04 ______________ a Child PC 25.06 Harboring a ___________ Child PC 25.07 Violation of a __________ Order or Magistrate’s Order 1.2

20. PC 25.08 _____ or __________ of a Child PC 43.05 Compelling ___________ PC 43.25 Sexual ___________ by a Child PC 43.25 Employment _______ to a Child 1.2

21. 1.3 Historical Perspectives Related to CHILD ABUSE A. Children have been ___________ over the centuries by infanticide, ritual sacrifice, and exploitation of child labor. B. Greece (Fourth Century) -- Children are considered _________ of the father who decided on the child's fifth birthday whether he lived or died. 1.3

22. C. Ancient Roman -- Father had the legal power of ____ and ______ over children that extended into adulthood. D. Greek and Roman Literature -- Sex with ___________ widely reported. E. Early English Common Law -- Father entitled to ___________ of his children. 1.3

23. F. Middle ages to Colonial America -- Concept of childcare for the orphaned, abandoned, indentured, or runaway youth focused on Child _________, a system that often brutalized children. The two primary methods of childcare were apprenticeship to a master by indenture (often for as long as 7 years or until age 24), or under a contract that contained terms of placement often in almshouses. 1.3

24. G. Massachusetts, 1655 -- First recorded case of child maltreatment: An employer was convicted of ___________ against his twelve-year- old apprentice, John Walker. 1.3

25. 1.4 Organized Factors/Efforts to Combat CHILD ABUSE The Reform Movement A. The Reform Movement 1. 1845 -- Originated in New Orleans, Louisiana. Early organized efforts to _________ child abuse. 1.4

26. The Reform Movement A. The Reform Movement 2. 1866 -- North Carolina moved to remove children from __________. 14 years later: 7,770 children between 2 and 6 remained in almshouses. 1.4

27. The Reform Movement A. The Reform Movement 3. 1874 -- The first case to begin a new era for the ______ of children occurred in 1874 in New York City. a. 10-year-old girl named Mary Ellen Wilson was ________ and ______ by her adoptive mother. 1.4

28. A. 3. b. Concerned church worker tried in _____ to seek help from local authorities to take legal action against the mother 1.4

29. A. 3. c. Henry Bergh president of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals asked the society's counsel, Elbridge T. Gerry, to petition the court for Mary Ellen's relief. The court issued a special ________ to bring the child before the court. 1.4

30. A. 3. d. As a result of the court hearing the case, the mother was tried and convicted of __________ and _________ and sentenced to one year hard labor in the penitentiary. 1.4

31. A. 3. e. Because of all the media attention to the case, Gerry then organized the New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to _________ that same year. 1.4

32. B. 20 th Century 1. Around the turn of the century, _________ ________ were beginning to be established across the country, separating adults and juveniles.. 2. 1908 -- The Los Angeles Police Department created a separate juvenile __________. 1.4

33. B. 3. 1964 -- ________ states had child physical abuse reporting laws. 4. 1974 -- One hundred years after the case of Mary Ellen, the Child ________ Prevention and Treatment Act was signed into law creating the National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect. 1.4

34. B. 5. By 1977 ____ state had child abuse reporting laws in some form. 1.4

35. 1.5 Nature of the Problem of CHILD ABUSE A. _____ ________, including child abuse and neglect, occurs in all socio-economic, ethnic, racial, and age groups. A preliminary analysis of the national survey data estimates that one-sixth of all U.S. couples experience at least one violent incident a year. 1.5

36. 1997 National Statistics B. 1997 National Statistics 1. Estimated 903,000 victims of ______________ nationwide.. 2. Estimated 1998 rate of _____________ was 12.9 per 1,000 children, a decrease from the 1997 rate of 13.9 per 1,000. 1.5

37. 1997 National Statistics B. 1997 National Statistics 3. More than half of all __________ (53.5%) suffered neglect, while almost a quarter (22.7%) suffered physical abuse. Nearly 12 percent of the victims (11.5%) were sexually abused. Victims of psychological abuse and medical neglect accounted for 6 percent or fewer each. In addition, a quarter of the 1.5

38. 1997 National Statistics B. 1997 National Statistics 3. – Cont’d: victims (25.3%) were reported to be victims of more than one type of maltreatment.. 4. The highest victimization rates were for the __ - __ age group (14.8 maltreatments per 1,000 children of this age in the population), and rates declined as age increased. 1.5

39. 1997 National Statistics B. 1997 National Statistics 5. Victimization rates by race/ethnicity ranged from a low of 3.8 Asian/Pacific Islander victims per 1,000 children of the same race to 20.7 African-American victims per 1,000 children of the same race in the population. The victimization rate for ________ ________/Alaska Natives was 19.8, for Hispanics 10.6. 1.5

40. NOTE: NOTE: The child fatality estimates below are based primarily on fatalities of abuse and neglect victims known to Child Protective Service agencies and fatalities not previously reported as abused or neglected.) 1.5

41. 1997 National Statistics – Cont’d B. 1997 National Statistics – Cont’d 6. An estimated 1,100 children died of _____ and _______, a rate of approximately 1.6 deaths per 100,000 children in the general populations. Children not yet a year old accounted for 37.9 percent of the fatalities, and 77.5 percent were not yet 5 years of age. Perpetrators of fatalities were considerably younger 1.5

42. 1997 National Statistics – Cont’d B. 1997 National Statistics – Cont’d Cont’d: 6. Cont’d: than perpetrators in general. Nearly ___- ______ (62.3%) were younger than 30 years of age, compared to the percentage of all perpetrators who were younger than 30 (38.7%). Nearly 3 percent (2.7%) of all fatalities were reported to have occurred while the victim was in __________ ______. 1.5

43. Texas StatisticsTexas Department of Protective and Regulatory Service C. Texas Statistics: The Texas Department of Protective and Regulatory Service notes that In Texas: 1. In fiscal year 1994, Texas' child protective service agency received and referred for investigation an estimated ________ reports of alleged child abuse and neglect. 1.5

44. Texas Statistics C. Texas Statistics: 2. About 55,607 children were found to be substantiated or indicated victims of child _____ and _______ in Texas in fiscal year 1994. 3. Among substantiated cases of child ____________ in Texas in fiscal year 1994: a. 1,229 were for ____________. 1.5

45. Texas Statistics C.3 Texas Statistics: b. 4,614 were for ____________ abuse.. c. 2,481 were for ______ neglect. d. 20,807 were for lack of ____________. e. 17,699 were for __________ abuse. f. 8,669 were for physical ______. 1.5

46. Texas Statistics C.3 Texas Statistics: g. 9,008 were for _______ abuse. h. 1,227 were for refusal to accept parental ____________. D. The incidence of child sexual abuse is difficult to estimate because so many cases are ___ __________ 1.5

47. “While many estimates have been made, the national incidence rate of sexual abuse remains unknown. The estimate that ___ in ____ girls and one in ten boys are abused prior to age 18 became widely known simply from being repeated. A 1996 national incidence study conducted by the federal government found that girls are sexually abused _____ times more often than boys are. 1.5

48. “Retrospective surveys reveal great variation, but do support the estimate that at least 20% of American women and 5% to 16% of American men experienced some form of ________ abuse as children. In a national survey of over 1,200 adults, victimization was reported by 27% of the females and 16% of the males.” 1.5

49. are not mandated to report child physical abuse related homicides to any federal a E. It is difficult to estimate how many children ______ as a result of child physical abuse in the United States because states are not mandated to report child physical abuse related homicides to any federal authority. In 1983 twenty-four states reported 505 child physical abuse related deaths. 1.5

50. 1.6 Possible Effects of Child Abuse A. A. An abused child may grow up and ________ his/her own children. B. B. Failure to ______ which can result in stunted growth, physical impairments or death.. 1.6

51. C. trust C. Inability of a child to trust. D. D. Physical _____ and ___________. E. E. Negative, aggressive, or hyperactive ____________. F. F. Learning ______________. G. ________ G. ________. 1.6

52. Questions?

53. FOR YOUR ATTENTION