2. 2 XML Syntax

3. 2 - 2 XML Document Structure August 15, 2000 08:00 Darmstadt Hessen Germany fine 25 SW 6 Markup Content

4. 2 - 3 The Prolog Prolog August 15, 2000 08:00 Darmstadt Hessen Germany fine 25 SW 6

5. 2 - 4 Encoding Prolog August 15, 2000 08:00 Darmstadt Hessen Germany fine 25 SW 6

6. 2 - 5 Elements and Attributes August 15, 2000 08:00 Darmstadt Hessen Germany fine 25 SW 6 Attribute Element

7. 2 - 6 XML Names or Identifiers Valid names Invalid names

8. 2 - 7 Well-Formedness August 15, 2000 08:00 Darmstadt Hessen Germany fine 25 SW 6

9. 2 - 8 Empty Element

10. 2 - 9 CDATA Sections ?

11. 2 - 10 Reserved Characters << >> && ‘&apos; “" < 0

12. 2 - 11 Character Input XML supports international character sets. This example shows different notations for the number "1": 1(ASCII), ١(Devanagari), १(Arabic) ൧(Malayalam)

13. 2 - 12 Comments and Processing Instructions Comment Processing Instruction

14. 2 - 13 The Logical Structure of XML Documents weather-report date August 15,2000 time 08:00 area city Darmstadt region Hessen country Germany measurements skies fine temperature scale='C' 25 wind direction SW windspeed 6

15. 2 - 14 Valid XML Documents August 15, 2000 08:00 Darmstadt Hessen Germany fine 25 SW 6 <!ELEMENT measurements ((skies | temperature | humidity | visibility | wind)+)> weather.dtd

16. 2 - 15 Document Type Declaration external Inline DTD <!DOCTYPE weather-report [.... ]>....

17. 2 - 16 Processing XML Documents DTD Document Tree August 15, 2000 08:00 Darmstadt 25 Parser

18. 2 - 17 Element Type Declaration... Element Types Content Models

19. 2 - 18 Element Content Models EMPTYno content ANYno constraints on content |choice list,sequence Cardinality exactly one +one or more ?zero or one *zero or more ()grouping (#PCDATA)characters (#PCDATA |...) *characters or elements ("mixed content")

20. 2 - 19 Attribute Declaration Element Type Attribute Name Attribute Type Default Value

21. 2 - 20 Attribute Type and Default Value Default Value  #REQUIREDvalue must be provided  #IMPLIEDno constraints  "string"default value  #FIXEDdefault is only value Attribute Type  CDATAstring value  IDattribute value unique per document  IDREF(S) attribute value matches ID value  (enumeration) restricts to values

22. 2 - 21 Attribute Types ID and IDREF(S) Smith.... Miller........

23. 2 - 22 Element or Attribute? fine 25.... fine 25 C....

24. 2 - 23 Entities and References Entity Declaration in the DTD <!DOCTYPE text [ <!ENTITY sagtext SYSTEM "http://www.softwareag.com/std.txt"> ]> Referencing in the document &sag; is proud to announce... &sagtext;

25. 2 - 24 Structuring Documents <!DOCTYPE purchase-order [ ]> &Head; &PositionsPC; &PositionsMonitor;

26. 2 - 25 Parameter Entities <!DOCTYPE example [ "> %example-entity; ]>

27. 2 - 26... Internal Parameter Entities

28. 2 - 27 %tab-model;... External Parameter Entities

29. 2 - 28 Entities and Notations Integration of "Non-XML-data"

30. 2 - 29 Conditional DTD Sections ]] <![IGNORE[ ]]> <![INCLUDE[ ]]>

31. 2 - 30 Summary XML is a meta markup language standardized by the W3C. XML documents contain self-descriptive structured data. An XML document is well-formed if it meets a few formal criteria. An XML document is valid if it meets the structure rules of a Document Type Definition (DTD). The DTD syntax contains grammatical rules for the definition of elements, attributes, and entities.