1. Influenza Influenza Virus magnified 100,000X

2. What is Influenza? Virus; causes chills, fever, sore throat, fatigue

3. How many people die each year from Influenza? 250,000 – 500,00 worldwide; 40,000 in US (7 th leading cause of death) USA

4. How many people died in 1918 from Influenza? 40 – 100 million people (3% of world’s population; as many that died in all wars in 20 th century combined)

5. How many people died in 1918 from Influenza?

6. Did more people die because more people were infected with Influenza? Usually – 0.1% of people infected die 1918 – about 10% of all infected people died

7. Who was dying? Young adults

8. Have there been other influenza epidemics since 1918? Asian Flu (1957) – 1.5 million people died Hong Kong Flu (1968) – 1 million people died Influenza which caused the Hong Kong Flu

9. What made the 1918 Influenza virus so powerful and why did scientists think that this year’s virus would be so bad? Hemagglutinin – helps with viral entry (16 types) Neuraminidase – helps with viral release (9 types) Asian Flu (1957) – Type H2N2 Hong Kong Flu (1968) – Type H3N2 1918 Flu - H1N1

10. How do new Influenza Viruses form? Influenza can infect birds, humans, and pigs

11. How do new Influenza Viruses form? Antigenic Shift – Influenza can infect pigs, birds, humans; parts from different virus strains are mixed. 2006 – Avian Flu H1N7 H5N1 H1N1

12. Link to Nova SCIENCENOW Video