1. By Captain Alex DeSilva Divisional Vice President Safety, Security & Environment The Dichotomy of Safety and Security – A Review

2. Symposium Topics »Cabin Safety »Security

3. Should Safety & Security be Separate? - Impact of 911

4. What happened to Flight Deck/Cabin Relationship?

5. Look at your Symposium programme… (Forgive my English spelling!!!) Do you see how we ‘compartmentalise’ safety, health and security?

6. The Safety Compartment Safety, health and security are often seen as stand-alone items… Why? 1.This is how it is taught. 2.My airline has a ‘Safety & Security’ department. 3.This is a ‘Cabin Safety’ Symposium.

7. THREAT AND ERROR MANAGEMENT Health and Security are not just ‘vertical’ issues – they are also lateral. They should spread across the organisation as well as up and down. If we compartmentalise ‘Safety’ employees will also do this. It will affect their ‘free thought’ processes - and make them rigid. Today’s Safety & Security threats require thinking employees…

8. Ear drops for the R ear A physician ordered ear drops to be administered to the right ear of a patient suffering pain and infection there.

9. Ear drops for the R ear Instead of writing out completely the location ‘Right ear’ on the prescription, the doctor abbreviated it so that the instructions read, “Place in R ear”

10. Ear drops for the R ear! Upon receiving the prescription, the duty nurse promptly put the required number of ear drops into the patient’s “rear”.

11. But we don’t naturally think rigidly We all have the capacity to make sense of complexity. And I’ll demonstrate this to as you read the following slide…

12. Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoatnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be in the rghit pclae. The rset can be a taotl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porsbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe. Amzanig huh?

13. Uncompartmentalised Safety Employees need freedom to use their minds - as you have just used yours... Then, if the Safety threat is scrambled and unclear (as it often is!) the ‘uncompartmentalised’ mind can still make sense of it - and react favourably.

14. Safety & Security – it’s the business! So… We should not look at safety as a ‘stand alone’. We really need to look at cabin safety as part of the overall safety culture of an organisation. The CEO must be ultimately responsible - and this will never happen if airlines view cabin issues outside the business environment.

15. LINE OPERATIONS SAFETY AUDIT (LOSA) Health Check Using Trained Observers

16. LOSA FOR RAMP & CABIN Anecdotal evidence into Fact Justify Additional Spending

17. GROUND/RAMP ACCIDENTS Many different employee groups (including Flight/Cabin Crew)

18. THE SINGAPORE GRIP

19. SIA’s Fus³ion Course Safety Security Service

20. IATA OPERATIONS SAFETY AUDIT (IOSA) Covers safety aspects of all operational areas Meets FAA Code-Share Needs

21. The message AGAIN… EMBED Safety and Health and Security… within your own self… within your work and within your organisation. Remember - procedures are good - but vertical. So think laterally to defend the gaps!

22. THANK YOU