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The MAGIC Cruises: 190 Days of Air-Sea Energy Fluxes R. Michael Reynolds, RMR Co., Seattle WAPeter Minnett, U. Miami RSMAS, Miami FLErnie Lewis, Brookhaven.

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Presentation on theme: "The MAGIC Cruises: 190 Days of Air-Sea Energy Fluxes R. Michael Reynolds, RMR Co., Seattle WAPeter Minnett, U. Miami RSMAS, Miami FLErnie Lewis, Brookhaven."— Presentation transcript:

1 The MAGIC Cruises: 190 Days of Air-Sea Energy Fluxes R. Michael Reynolds, RMR Co., Seattle WAPeter Minnett, U. Miami RSMAS, Miami FLErnie Lewis, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton NY OVERVIEW

2 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com Abstract The MAGIC cloud and aerosol study, by the D.O.E. Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program, has just ended a sequence of 38 Long Beach- Honolulu transits using a volunteer commercial ship, the Horizon SPIRIT container ship. The ship was in the open sea for approximately 190 days with one of the largest collections of atmospheric instrumentation ever deployed on a commercial ship. Three radars, 6-hourly radiosondes, Lidars and a complement of aerosol instrumentation were only a part of the data set. The Infrared Seasurface Temperature Autonomous Radiometer (ISAR) from the University of Miami was deployed on the SPIRIT to provide needed SSST. Radiation instrumentation, SSST, and Meteorological instrumentation of the highest quality allowed computation of the complete energy flux budget. The SPIRIT data set contributed to the ongoing U. Miami validation study as well. This paper describes the MAGIC study and the importance of the SSST to the flux computations.

3 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com IDSHIPTYPESTARTENDAREACAL ExSeaExplorer of the SeasCruise ship2004/052004/08Carriibean.05 (.15) RBRon BrownRV2004/102004/11E. Trop. Pac.06 (.14) JMUJingu MaruCar carrier2005/072005/09N. Atlantic ICESouthern SurveyorRV2006/012006/02E. Timor Sea.03 (.17) MismoMiraiRV2006/042006/11Indian Oc. ALAndromeda LeaderCar carrier2009/03todayUS (W/E) to JP MagicSpiritContainer2012/082013/10Long Beach to Honolulu 9-1/2 years of measurements. Global > 150,000 SSST Measurements Real-time SSST, 1/2 hr ISAR VOS PROGRAM

4 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com http://www.bnl.gov/envsci/ARM/MAGIC MAGIC -- Marine ARM GPCI Investigation of Clouds where ARM = Atmospheric Radiation Measurement program (D.O.E.) GPCI = GCSS Pacific Cross-section Intercomparison, a working group of GCSS GCSS = GEWEX Cloud Systems Study GEWEX = Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (WCRP)

5 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com CALL SIGN WFLGLENGTH 272.3 mBREADTH 30.5 mDISPLACEMENT 38662 tonne no load61678 tonne full loadDRAFT 8.53{12.44 m (no load/load)FUEL 900 bbl/daySPEED 20 kt typCARGO HT 21-17 m approx.BRIDGE DECK HT 17.7-13.8 mBRIDGE ROOF 20.4-16.5 mPEAK HT 33.5-29.6 m (wind monitor)RADAR HT 29.3-25.4 m (met boom)ISAR HT 19.2-15.3 mPRP HT 20.2-16.7 m

6 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com Dry descending air -- N.Pacific High -- Coastal Northerlies -- Upwelling Marine Stratocumulus

7 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com

8 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com A shallow turbulent moist stratum is characteristic of Equatorward flow just above the middle-latitude and tropical oceans, especially at the eastern ends of sub-tropical high pressure areas of the eastern North and South Pacific and South Atlantic oceans. ---Lilly68

9 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com Clouds Precip Ka-band radar W-band radar Radar wind profiler MWR- 2  MWR – 3  TSI MultiPulse Lidar HSRL Ceilometer Disdrometers Radiation PSP PIR SPN FRSR SAS-Ze ASSIST CIMEL (cloud) FSSR MicroTops Aerosols CPC CCN UHSAS Neph PSAP HTDMA Ozone Samples! Other Radiosondes (565) ISAR IRT Meteorology Navigation Motion (pitch,roll)

10 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com BACKGROUND Net Flux = SW + LW + Latent + Sensible + Rain

11 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com THE BULK METHOD – COARE-3 ALGORITHM Pawlowicz et al., 2001, EOS, 82 (1) January, 2. Strue wind speed T_aair temperature T_skinsea (skin) temp q_w (RH) absolute humidity Ps.l. pressure LW_dLongwave down SW_dShortwave down Rrain rate SW_uAlbedo LW_uEmitted irradiance R_NNet irradiance H_LLatent heat flux H_SSensible heat flux H_RRain Heat Flux MEASUREMENT SET INTERMEDIATE VARIABLES ESTIMATED FLUXES Q_tot NET FLUX GOAL: Long-term Net Flux Accuracy < 10 W/m^2 COARE

12 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com

13 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com ACCURACIES NEEDED MEASUREMENTACCYUNITS WIND SPEED 0.2m/s WIND DIRECTION 3deg CURRENT SPEED 0.2m/s CURRENT DIRECTION 3deg AIR TEMPERATURE 0.2C OCEAN SURFACE TEMPERATURE 0.1C RELATIVE HUMIDITY 2% PRECIPITATION 0.4mm/day SHORTWAVE DOWN IRRADIANCE 5W/m^2 LONGWAVE DOWN IRRADIANCE 5W/m^2 BAROMETRIC PRESSURE 0.1mbar PITCH/ROLL 1deg PITCH/ROLL STD DEVIATION 1deg LAT/LON 0.001deg COURSE OVER GROUND 2deg SPEED OVER GROUND 0.2m/s HEADING 2deg

14 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com

15 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com

16 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com INSTRUMENTATION

17 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com MET1

18 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com

19 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com

20 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com 28,000 SSSTs

21 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com DATA PROCESSING

22 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com

23 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com

24 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com LEG 8 DAILY AVERAGES LW SW QL QS Qnet

25 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com FUTURE Funding New Isar development Inexpensive, reliable,... Magic-lite with flux/met focus.

26 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com FIN

27 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com Los Angeles Honolulu Leg 4: October 20-November 1, 2012 http://www.gim.bnl.gov/armclouds/MAGIC/MAGIC_image_table.htm

28 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com http://www.gim.bnl.gov/armclouds/MAGIC/MAGIC_image_table.htm

29 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com KAZR WACR MWACR is more sensitive…this will change soon http://www.gim.bnl.gov/armclouds/MAGIC/MAGIC_image_table.htm

30 2013 Sea Surface Temperature Science Team Meeting Oct 29-31 2013 Seattle WA USA R. Michael Reynolds www.rmrco.comwww.rmrco.com KAZR WACR Handle most precipitation so far quite well. http://www.gim.bnl.gov/armclouds/MAGIC/MAGIC_image_table.htm

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