1. The Literature of Realism (II) Harriet Beecher Stowe Mark Twain

2. Harriet Beecher Stowe

3. life born into a respectable family that was to become famous. Father was a renowned clergyman, two brothers were celebrated preachers, her older sister, Catherine pioneered in women’s education-Hartford Female Seminary. Began school in 1816 and joined her sister in 1824 when Catherine started the school.

4. In 1830s and 1840s she wrote magazine stories. In 1836 married Calvin Ellis Stowe, a professor of Lane Theological Seminary. In 1851-1852 wrote the novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin and published serially in the National Era.

5. Main Works Uncle Tom’s Cabin 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》 1851-52 A Key to Uncle Tom’s Cabin 《汤姆叔叔的小屋说明》 Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp 《德雷德：阴暗大沼地的故事》 1856

6. Uncle Tom’s Cabin Shelby Shelby Haley Eva Augustine St. Clare Mrs Clare- Simon Legree George Shelby Uncle Tom, Harry, George Harris, Eliza

7. Mark Twain (1835-1910) Samuel Langhorne Clemens “the true father of our national literature” -- H. L. Mencken realist \ local colorist \ humorist. founder of American oral style literature. novelist, short story author, & wit

8. Hemingway’s comment on Mark Twain 一切当代的美国文学都来自马克吐温 的一本书，即《哈克贝里 · 费恩》。它 是所有书中最好的书。它是所有美国 作品的源头。它之前没有作品可以和 它相比，它之后也还没有作品能和它 媲美。

9. life born in Florida, Missouri, USA. a printer (1847–57) a Mississippi river-boat pilot (1857–61) He edited for 2 years the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise in 1864 moved to San Francisco as a reporter. In 1867 he visited France, Italy, and Palestine, gathering material for his The Innocents Abroad. On his return to America, he settled in the East, and in 1870 married Olivia Langdon (d.1904). by the mark 2 fathoms

10. In 1871 they moved to Hartford, CT, where they built a distinctive house known as Nook Farm. Financial speculations led to the loss of most of his earnings by 1894, and he embarked on a world lecture tour to restore some of his wealth. In his later years, he was greatly honored, but following the death of his wife and of two of his daughters, his writing took on a darker, pessimistic character, as seen in his autobiography (1924).

11. works The celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County Innocents Abroad Roughing It The Gilded Age The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Prince and the Pauper 1865 《卡拉维拉斯县 驰名的跳蛙》 1869 《傻瓜出国旅行 记》 1872 《艰苦岁月》 1873 《镀金时代》 1876 《汤姆 · 索耶历 险记》 1881 《王子与贫儿》

12. Life on the Mississippi The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court The Tragedy of Pudd’n head Wilson The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg 1883 《密西西比河上》 1886 《哈克贝利 · 费恩 历险记》 1889 《亚瑟王宫廷里 的美国佬》 1893 《傻瓜威尔逊》 1990 《败坏了赫德莱 堡的人》

13. Local Colorism- Definition Hamlin Garland “such quality of texture and background that it could not have been written in any other place or by anyone else than a native.”

14. Local Colorism- Time Local colorism as a trend first made its presence felt in the late 1860s and early seventies. The appearance of Bret Harte’s “The Luck of Roaring Camp” in 1868 marked a significant development in the brief history of local color fiction. Not until the turn of the century did local colorism cease to be a dominant fashion.

15. Local Colorism- Local colorists Mark Twain, Bret Harte, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Willa Cather, John Steinbeck William Faulkner.

16. Local Colorism- Features local color fiction presents a locale which is distinguished from the outside world. Local color fiction describes the exotic （异域 风情的） and the picturesque （古色古香的）. Local Color fiction glorifies the past. Local color fiction also attempts to show things as they are. Local color fiction stresses the influence of setting on character.

17. Local Colorism /Regionalism As a trend,it first made its presence felt in the late 1860s and early seventies in America. Local Color may be defined as the careful attention to details of the physical scene and to those mannerisms in speech, dress, or behavior peculiar to a geographical locality. The ultimate aim is to create the illusion of a native little world with qualities that tell it apart from the world outside.

18. quotation Humor is the great thing, the saving thing. The minute it crops up, all our irritations and resentments slip away and a sunny spirit takes their place.

19. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn-story Jim ignorant, uneducated Black slave Huckleberry Finn a little uneducated outcast white boy of about the age of 13

20. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn- theme The first is slavery and racism. The second is the hypocrisy of “civilized” society.