1. SS.7.C.1.1

2. Overview In this lesson, students will recognize how two Enlightenment thinkers influenced the Founding Fathers. Essential Question How did the ideas of Montesquieu and Locke influence the Founding Fathers? Learning Goals/Benchmark Clarifications Students will identify and describe the Enlightenment ideas of separation of powers, natural law, and social contract. Students will examine how Enlightenment ideas influenced the Founders’ beliefs about individual liberties and government. Students will evaluate the influence of Montesquieu’s and Locke’s ideas on the Founding Fathers.

3. Influence - having an effect or impact on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc., of another or others. How can you explain this term in your own words? Are there people in your life that influence your appearance, actions or words? Have you seen celebrities or friends wear or do something that you appreciate, so you do or wear the same thing or something similar? Have you heard something your parents or friends have said that you repeat or it has influenced what you have said?

4. The concept of influence had a significant impact on how the U.S. government was formed. The Founding Fathers were influenced by other writers and philosophers while they wrote the documents that guide our government today. The Enlightenment (1700’s) focused on the ideas of reason, liberty, and individual rights. The age of the Enlightenment occurred during the 18 th century in Europe. Ideas from the Enlightenment impacted the ideas included in the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.

5. Utopia- the perfect society https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=peSpUDMcGR8 What does your utopia look like? Can your utopia actually exist in society today? What would we have to do in order to make your utopia work?

7. In your notes draw 3 boxes: 1. In the first box, draw some things that you think EVERY person should have 2. In the second box, draw what Anarchy would look like 3. In the third box, draw what you think society SHOULD look like

8. Now, label each of the following boxes: 1. Box 1: Natural Rights according to _(your name)_ 2. Box 2: State of Nature 3. Box 3: Social Contract

12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6H39gCjj8zg

13. John Locke What are the three Natural Rights according to Locke? What is the State of Nature? What is the Social Contract?

14. John Locke What are the three Natural Rights according to Locke? Life, Liberty, and Property What is the State of Nature? A place where there are not laws- people do whatever they want. ANARCHY!!! What is the Social Contract? The citizens and the government agree. There should be laws so that people can be safe and society can work.

15. Baron de Montesquieu Montesquieu believed that government’s power should be divided. What do we call this? How did this influence U.S. government? What’s the most powerful branch of government?

16. Baron de Montesquieu Montesquieu believed that government’s power should be divided. What do we call this? Separation of Powers How did this influence U.S. government? We have three branches of government: Capitol Building: Legislative White house: Executive Supreme Court: Judicial What’s the most powerful branch of government? NONE. They are all equal. This is called CHECKS AND BALANCES.

17. Checks and Balances phrase a principle of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches Consent of the Governed noun an agreement made by the people to establish a government and abide by its laws Enlightenment proper noun a period in European history when many educated people stressed the importance of learning and reasoning; education was considered the key to understanding and solving society’s problems Individual Liberty noun a person’s ability to be free and independent

18. Influence verb having an effect or impact on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc., of another or others Natural Law noun laws passed by government to protect natural rights Natural Rights noun the belief that individuals are born with basic rights that cannot be taken away by governments; life, liberty, and property Separation of Powers noun the structure of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that sets up three branches with their own distinct powers and responsibilities Social Contract noun an implied agreement among the people of an organized society that defines the rights, duties, and limitations of the governed and the government