1. 20-1 The Kingdom Protista What Is a Protist?
-Any organism that is not a plant, animal, fungus, or a prokaryote
-Catch All Kingdom–mostly unicellular, eukaryotes
Euplotes
Spirogyra
Radiolarian

2. B. Evolution of protists -First eukaryotic organisms on earth C
B. Evolution of protists -First eukaryotic organisms on earth C. Classification of Protists -Based on how they obtain nutrients and how they move
Stentor

3. 20-2 Animallike Protists: Protozoans
Four Phyla:
Zooflagellates
Sarcodines
Ciliates
Sporozoans

4. Zooflagellates: Flagella Usually in aquatic environment
Asexual and sexual reproduction

5. 2) Sarcodines Pseudopods (move using cytoplasmic projections)
Amoeboid movement
Shells of calcium carbonate or silica
Amoeba

6. Amoeba
Contractile vacuole
Pseudopods
Nucleus
Food vacuole

7. 3) Ciliates Use cilia to swim, free-moving
Internal anatomy: macro- and micronucleus, contractile vacuole
Conjugation: exchange genetic information, not reproduction
Paramecium

8. Paramecium – (Ciliate)
Contractile vacuole
Micronucleus
Macronucleus
Food vacuoles
Cilia

9. 4) Sporozoans
Reproduce by sporozoites
parasites
Plasmodium

10. 20-3 Plantlike Protists: Unicellular Algae
Chlorophyll and Accessory Pigments – help harvest light energy
4 Types:
Euglenophytes
Chrysophytes
Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
Acetabularia Calyculus

11. Euglenophytes 2 flagella No cell wall
Pellicle (intricately folded cell membrane)
Eyespot (helps find sunlight)
Euglena

12. Chrysophytes Gold-colored chloroplast Store food as oil
Reproduce sexually and asexually

13. Diatoms
Cell walls with silicon
Glasslike

14. Dinoflagellates Photosynthetic AND heterotrophic Luminescent
Reproduce asexually (binary fission)
Peridinium

15. Ecology of Unicellular Algae
Phytoplankton: Photosynthetic
Algal blooms
recycle wastes
if they die they can deprive O2 from the water

16. 20-4 Plantlike Protists: Red, Brown, and Green Algae
Red Algae
Chlorophyll a and phycobilins (blue light)
Can live deeper in water
Multicellular

17. Brown Algae Chlorophyll a and c and fucoxanthin Multicellular Largest
Fucus
Sargassum

18. Green Algae Chlorophyll a and b Cellulose in cell walls
Probably ancestors of modern land plants
Unicellular and multicellular
Volvox

19. Unicellular Green Algae
Contractile vacuoles
Chlamydomonas
Reproduction: diploid/haploid generations
alternation of generations

20. Multicellular Green Algae
Ulva
Reproduction: gametophytes and sporophytes

21. 20-5 Funguslike Protists Have centrioles Lack chitin in cell walls
Two types:
Slime Molds
Water Molds
Oomycota
Tubifera ferruginosa

22. Slime Molds Cellular – cells remain distinct or separated
Acellular – cells fuse to form large cells
Cellular:
Acellular

23. Water Molds Thrive on dead or decaying organic matter in water
Some are plant parasites on land

24. Ecology of funguslike protists:
Beneficial function: decomposers
Harmful function: cause plant diseases
Water Molds and the Potato Famine