1. Chapter 24 and 25 Sponges, Cnidarians, Flatworms, and Roundworms

2. Phylum Porifera (“pore-bearer”) ~Includes all sponges (grantia, scypha, & leucosolenia) Basketball sponge Cinachyra sponge

3. Knob sponge Simplest animals Simplest animals Asymmetrical Asymmetrical

4. Phylum Porifera  Aquatic  Sessile - can’t move from place to place  Filter feeders Red sponge Volcano sponge

5. Phylum Porifera  Reproduce both sexually and…  Asexually * Regeneration – * Regeneration – reattach reattach * Budding - grow * Budding - grow new sponges new sponges Dead man’s finger sponge

6. Phylum Porifera  Hermaphrodites - produce both eggs and sperm Sponge dumping gametes Phylum Porifera

7.  Osculum - opening on some sponges  Spicules - sharp, hard, needle- like structures - attachment

8. Phylum Cnidaria (“nettles” / tentacles) Includes jellyfishes, corals, sea anemones & hydras Brain coral Jellyfishes Green anemone

9. Phylum Cnidaria  Aquatic  Radial symmetry Flower pot coral Purple anemone

10. Phylum Cnidaria  Nerve net - a simple nervous system Sun coral Torch coral

11.  Nematocysts - tubes in tentacles - contains poison

12.  Gastrovascular cavity - primitive stomach

13. Monterey, CA

14. Phylum Cnidaria  Two basic body forms Polyp - tube shaped body Medusa - body shaped like an umbrella Medusa Red cauliflower coral Moon jelly

15. Club tipped anemone Pineapple coral Staghorn coral Sea anemone

16. Corals

17. Hydra releasing an egg Hydra releasing sperm Budding hydra Reproduce: Sexually - hermaphrodites Asexually - budding

18. PHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHES (“flat worms”)  Includes: Tapeworms & liver flukes (Parasitic) Tapeworms & liver flukes (Parasitic) Planarians (Free-living) Planarians (Free-living)  Bilateral symmetry

19. (PHYLUM: PLATYHELMINTHES)  Some have eyespots  Scolex - head of a tapeworm  Proglottid - body part

20. LIFE CYCLES: May involve two or more hosts. (TAPEWORM LIFE CYCLE) Most have digestive systems Most have digestive systems Exception: Tapeworms

22. Life Cycle of a Liverfluke

23. PHYLUM: NEMATODA (“Thread” / Roundworms)

24. PHYLUM: NEMATODA  Includes: Ascaris (Roundworms) Ascaris (Roundworms) Pin worms Pin worms Trichina worms Trichina worms Hookworms Hookworms  The above are parasitic  Most are free-living

25. PHYLUM: NEMATODA  Bilateral symmetry  Some are hermaphrodites

26. LIFE CYCLE OF A ROUNDWORM

27. PARASITIC WORMS WORM HOW ACQUIRED INVADES Tapeworm / Roundworm Eating raw meat Intestines Hookworm Walking barefoot Lungs Liver fluke Eating raw fish Liver Trichina worm Eating raw pork Muscles