1. Ankle, Foot & Lower Leg Muscles and Movements Look at your coloring sheet as you go thru these

2. Achilles Tendon

3. OriginOrigin –Stems from the distal ends of both the Soleus and Gastrocnemius Muscles InsertionInsertion –Posterior Surface of the Calcaneus PalpationPalpation –Very easy to palpate the distal end of the calf to the Calcaneus

4. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes xx xx

5. Extensor Digitorum Longus

6. OriginOrigin –Lateral Condyle of the tibia, Fibular Head, upper two thirds of anterior fibula InsertionInsertion –Tops of the Distal and Middle 2 - 5 Phalanges PalpationPalpation –2nd Muscle upper lateral side of tibia / RROM Toe ext dorsal foot

7. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x x x

8. Extensor Digitorum Brevis

9. OriginOrigin –Anterior/Lateral Surface of the Calcaneus InsertionInsertion –Tops of the Distal and Middle 2 - 5 Phalanges PalpationPalpation –Can not

10. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x

11. Extensor Hallucis Longus

12. OriginOrigin –Middle 2/3 of medial anterior fibula InsertionInsertion –Top of the distal 1st Phalange PalpationPalpation –RROM Great Toe Ext

13. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x x x

14. Extensor Hallucis Brevis

15. OriginOrigin –Anterior Lateral part of the upper Calcaneus InsertionInsertion –Dorsal surface on the base of the 1 st Proximal Phalange PalpationPalpation –Can Not

16. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x

17. Flexor Digitorum Longus

18. OriginOrigin –lower two thirds of the posterior tibia InsertionInsertion –Base of the distal phalanx of toes 2-5 PalpationPalpation –Can not palpate

19. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes xx x

20. Flexor Digitorum Brevis

21. OriginOrigin –Medial Calcaneal Tuberosity InsertionInsertion –Divides into two heads at the base of the Proximal Phalange –Allowing the FDL to slip through –Attaching to each side of the middle phalange 2-5 PalpationPalpation –Plantar side of the foot with RROM Toe Flexion

22. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x

23. Flexor Hallucis Longus

24. OriginOrigin –Lower two thirds of the posterior fibula InsertionInsertion –Base of the distal posterior big toe PalpationPalpation –Down the medial malleolus RROM Big toe flexion

25. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes xx x

26. Flexor Hallucis Brevis

27. OriginOrigin –2 Heads Plantar surface of the Cuboid & 3 rd Cuneiform Plantar surface of the 2 nd and 1 st Cuneiforms InsertionInsertion –2 Heads –One on each side of the Base of the Proximal 1 st Phalange –Encompasses a Sesmoid PalpationPalpation –Unable – Irritation with the Sesmoids however

28. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x

29. Gastrocnemius

30. Gastrocnemius OriginOrigin –Posterior surfaces of the two femor condyles InsertionInsertion –posterior surface of calcaneus PalpationPalpation –Easiest muscle to palpate Upper posterior lower leg

31. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x

32. Preoneus Longus

33. Peroneus Longus OriginOrigin –Head and upper thirds of the outer surface of the fibula InsertionInsertion –undersurfaces of the 2nd cuneiform and first metatarsal PalpationPalpation –third muscle on the lateral side of the tibia, upper lateral tibia

34. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x x

35. Peroneus Brevis

36. OriginOrigin –Lower two thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula InsertionInsertion –Styloid Process PalpationPalpation –Palpate at the Styloid Process

37. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x x

38. Peroneus Tertius

39. OriginOrigin –Lower third of the lateral surface of the fibula InsertionInsertion –Styloid Process PalpationPalpation –Palpate at the Styloid Process

40. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x x X

41. Plantaris

42. Plantaris OriginOrigin –Posterior / Medial side of the Lateral Femoral Condyle InsertionInsertion –Medial / Posterior Surface of the Calcaneus PalpationPalpation –Partially at Insertion Point

43. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x

44. Soleus

45. Soleus OriginOrigin –Upper two thirds of the posterior surfaces of the tib/fib InsertionInsertion –posterior surface of calcaneus PalpationPalpation –under gastroc on the lateral side of the lower leg

46. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x

47. Tibialis Anterior

48. OriginOrigin –Upper two thirds of the lateral surface of the tibia InsertionInsertion –Medial surface of the 1st cuneiform and first met PalpationPalpation –First muscle on the lateral side of the tibia

49. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x x

50. Tibialis Posterior

51. OriginOrigin –Posterior surface of the upper half of the medial fib / lateral tib (inner surfaces) InsertionInsertion –Lower inner surfaces of the navicular, cuneiforms, base of 2-5 metatarsals PalpationPalpation –Can not palpate

52. Motions Plantar Flexion Dorsal Flexion InversionEversion Extend Great Toe Flex Great Toe Extend Toes Flex Toes x x

53. Inferior Extensor Retinaculum

54. LocationLocation –Y Shaped –Overlying the Anterior Aspect of the ankle Joint and Proximal Foot FunctionFunction –Binds Extensor and Peroneal Tendons

55. Superior Extensor Retinaculum

56. LocationLocation –Proximal to Ankle Joint –Distal ends of Tibia and Fibula FunctionFunction –Binds Extensor Leg Tendons as it crosses the ankle joint –Prevents Bowstring Effect

57. Inferior Peroneal Retinaculum

58. LocationLocation –Lateral Side of the Ankle –Lateral Calcaneus to Lateral IER –Straddles the Peroneal Longus and Brevis Tendons FunctionFunction –Holds the PL and PB in place with Plantar Flexion and Eversion

59. Superior Peroneal Retinaculum

60. LocationLocation –Lateral Side of the Ankle –Posterior Distal end of the Fibula to Lateral Calcaneus FunctionFunction –Holds Peronus Longus and Brevis in place behind the Fibula during PF and EV –Prevent Snapping

61. Flexor Retinaculum

62. LocationLocation –Medial Side of the Ankle –Posterior Inferior Medial Malleolus to Medial Tubercle of the Calcaneus FunctionFunction –Roof over Sustenaculum Tali –Keeps Posterior Medial Tendons and Medial Ligaments in place