1. November 18 th and 19 th Turn in Alex the Great Maps Collect papers off bookshelf Work on Warm-Up #13 at your desk Write homework in agenda

2. Agenda for today Warm-Up #13 Essential Questions Who were Sophocles, Plato, and Aristotle? Describe the accomplishments of Hippocrates, Ptolemy, Euclid, and Archimedes Significant Figures in Greece Notes Library Time to work on outlines Homework: Section 5.5 work and bring S.S. Fair materials

3. Ancient Greece Significant Figures

4. Sophocles One of Athens’ greatest playwrights who was born in Athens around 496 B.C.E. Most famous play is Oedipus Rex, which is about the tragic fall of a powerful king

5. Sophocles Used three actors instead of two and increased the size of the chorus in his plays First playwright to use painted backdrops for scenery Told a complete story in a single play, unlike earlier playwrights who often took three plays to complete their plots

6. Plato A philosopher and a teacher who was born in Athens around 427 B.C.E. Student and close friend of Sophocles

7. Plato Wrote The Republic, in which he said that the best society was one where every citizen performed the task that they were best suited for Founded The Academy, which is considered the first important institution of high learning in the Western world and taught philosophy, law, math, and astronomy

9. Aristotle A philosopher and a scientist who was born in northern Greece around 384 B.C.E. Studied under Plato for 20 years Wrote about all branches of learning, including philosophy, biology, math, and drama

10. Aristotle Founded the Lyceum, a center for studying science and history Wrote History of Animals in which he gave detailed descriptions of animal and fish life With his students’ help, he classified more than 500 types of animals

11. Hippocrates Referred to as the “father of medicine” He was the first physician to reject superstitions and beliefs that credited supernatural or divine forces with causing illness Believed to have written the Hippocratic Oath, which is an oath traditionally taken by physicians pertaining to the ethical practice of medicine

13. Ptolemy An astronomer who practiced in the second century B.C.E. He incorrectly placed the earth at the center of the solar system, and idea which astronomers accepted for the next 14 centuries Said the order of the planets was Earth, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter, then Saturn

15. Euclid A highly regarded mathematician who opened a school of geometry in Alexandria His book, The Elements, contained 465 geometry propositions and proofs Muslim and European universities used The Elements until well into the 1900s and it is sometimes said that only the Bible has been more widely used and studied

17. Archimedes Another important Hellenistic scientist, from Syracuse, who studied at Alexandria He accurately estimated the value of pi to be between 3 10/71 and 3 1/7 He also explained the law of the lever and invented the compound pulley to lift heavy objects He also built a catapult, or missile-throwing machine, and the Archimedes screw, a device that raised water from the ground