1. Charging Electric Vehicles in a Liberalized Electricity Market Danny Geldtmeijer MSc Netbeheer Nederland / Enexis

2. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 2 Outline Introduction Current electricity market system Other markets Proposed EV market system Next steps

3. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 3 Introduction The Dutch electricity market –Unbundled utilities Netbeheer Nederland –Association of Dutch DSOs and TSOs –Relative large DSOs (>1M connections) Expected growth of EVs in the NL –200k EVs in 2020 1M in 2025

4. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 4 € Current system Production / Balancing / Retail Metering Consumer € € E E E Charge spot (customer) E Consumer € TSO / DSO

5. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 5 Challenges How to realise a uniform payment and billing infrastructure How to cope with the power/energy demand from EVs

6. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 6 Other markets Banking –Withdraw money at ‘foreign’ bank ATM Telecom –Roaming with your phone and/or contract on networks of other operators

7. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 7 Banking 1. Customer identifies him/herself by a card and a code coupled to an account number (IBAN). 2. The IBAN and BIC codes combined with the cash request combined for approval of the home bank. 3. Foreign bank request for approval in real-time by contacting the home-bank using the BIC and standardized XML messaging. 4. The request is checked by the home-bank against the home client account information. 5. Approval or denial is send out in real-time to the foreign bank using standardized XML-messaging. 6. On approval the cash is dispensed to the customer. 7. Dispensed cash is reported in real-time to the home bank. 8. The report is processed to deduct the dispensed amount from the home-account. 9. Dispensed cash is reported to the customer. 10. The transaction is aggregated with other transactions of foreign banks. 11. The aggregated information is send out to the clearing House. 12. The aggregated information of all banks is collected and cleared. Settlement information is send out to all banks. 13. Settlement information is received by the foreign bank and processed. Home Bank Clearing house Home bank client a.k.a. the customer Foreign bank ATM service ID/PIN/Amount to be transferred Request for approval/ PIN check. Approval/denial Report money deducted Report cash dispensed Cash Aggregated Bank specific payments Aggregated foreign payments

8. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 8 Other markets The customer has a SPOC –Single Point of Contact Clearing and settlement via central entities sooner or later is introduced Bilateral agreements do exist as well –markets with a relative low number of parties Messages for clearing and settlement are standardised!

9. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 9 Proposed EV market system Input from stakeholders –National and local governments –Consumer organisations –Automotive companies –Mobility service provides System will leave legislation ‘untouched’ Everyone may become an actor

10. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 10 Mobility Service Provider Mobility Service Provider Back-end services E.g.: clearing and settlement Back-end services E.g.: clearing and settlement Proposed EV market system Production / Balancing / Retail Metering Charge spot operator € € € E E E E Consumer € Charge spot owner Service Provider Back-end services E.g.: clearing and settlement € € ID ID check Periodic settlement TSO / DSO

11. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 11 Next steps Detach charge-spot-operator and service provider into separate roles, joint effort: –Energy suppliers –EV Service Providers –Grid operators –Ministry of Economic Affairs ~2012 (demo fase): Connect back-office systems ~2018-2020: Fully developed market and market model with multiple actors on each role Integrate Smart Charging in the market model –Integration of renewable energy sources –Grid capacity Link C&S systems on EU level?

12. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 12

13. Danny Geldtmeijer - NL - Session 6 - paper no. 0889 13