1. The Antonines Lilian Heil, Sari Goldstein, Jacques Ferh & Emad Alsamadi

2. Nerva before being emperor  Before becoming Emperor, he served as an advisor to Nero (Flavian dynasty)  Gained Consulship for being a loyalist in 71 and 90.  After Domitian's assassination, he was pushed to be the next emperor. http://www.flickr.com/photos/bstorage/4668547790/

3. Nerva, while emperor  Became Emperor in 96  Various problems during his reign  Financial difficulties  Praetorian Guards revolted in 97, forced him to chose Marcus Ulpius Trajanus as his heir  Died in 98 http://www.kostyrko.com/index.php?main_page=document_general_info& cPath=3_4_5_23&products_id=23 http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/spqr/imp-trajan.htm

4. Nerva’s Legacy  The best thing Nerva did was establish a chain of smooth and peaceful power transitions  Started Nerva- Antonine dynasty  First of the five good emperors commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nerva_Forum_Romanum.png

5. Trajan http://media-2.web.britannica.com/eb- media/09/4709-004-A4DAF2BC.jpg

6. Bio  Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus Augustus  September 8 th 53 AD  August 9 th 117, AD  Not Royal

7. Background  Adopted by Nerva  served on the legislature during mitian  A.D 96 governor of upper Germany  Was a military tribune  First emporor not from Italy

8. What he did for Rome  Public building program  Anexed Nabataean kingdom  Feuds  Parthians  Cash subsidies http://thaumazein- albert.blogspot.com/2011/03/travel-diaries- bishop-bernwards_244.html

9. Nabataean kingdom http://nabataea.net/Gifs/map1.gif

10. http://www.baddawi.com/forum/showthread.php?t=24131 http://www.ust.ucla.edu/ustweb/Projects/Trajan/trajans_forum_ img4.htm http://www.ericcovey.com/photos/200 3/italy/rome/1/34.jpg

11. Hadrian before being emperor www.learningrealm.org.uk/resources/56- hadrian-039-s-head-html  Very interested in Greece  Military service as tribune  Worked his way up to legate  Trajan acknowledged and rewarded his military skill and his leadership skills  Trajan chose him to be emperor before he died http://www.flickr.com/photo s/bstorage/7620214516/

12. Hadrian while Emperor Hadrian as Emperor commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hadrian's_wall_at_Greenhead_Lough.jpg

13. Hadrian’s Legacy 3rd of the 5 good emperors Dedicated a new temple of Venus and Roma, over the previous site of Nero's Golden House Transferred power to Antoninus Pius www.emersonkent.com/history_notes/hadrian.htm www.eidola.eu/images?explain=title&filter=Lett er&letter=E

14. Antoninus Pius  Born in 86 AD into a prominent family  Consul under Hadrian  Governor in Asia from 135-136 AD  Very close to Hadrian, and he even adopted him. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoninus_Pius

15. Reign as emperor  Took over after Hadrian’s death in 138 A.D.  Worked hard to commemorate Hadrian  900 th birthday of Rome during his rule  Died in 161 AD http://coins.www.collectors- society.com/usercontent/images/article_images/Antoninus%20Pius.jp g

16. Impact  Conservative economic policy lead to stability.  Helped establish many concepts of modern justice.  Used people’s tax money for public works  Popular with people and senate  Didn’t fight any major wars.

17. Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Antoninus_Pius_Glyptothek _Munich_337_cropped.jpg http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lucius_Verus _BM_Sc1911.jpg

18. Marcus Aurelius Background Lived from April 26th, 121 CE-March 17 th, 180 CE In power from 161 CE-180 CE Stoic Philosopher well-known for his set of philosophy, “The Meditations”, containing records of his nobility, warm love for the human kind, and philosophy similar to religion “You have power over your mind - not outside events. Realize this, and you will find strength.” Marcus rose to power after his adoptive father died (Titus Aurelius Antoninus).

19. Lucius Aurelius Verus Augustus Lived from December 15 th, 130 CE – 169 CE Appointed by Marcus Aurelius to be co-emperor with him (this was the first emperor joint in history) Ruled from 161 CE-169 CE Known for dealing with the Parthian conquests in Armenia and Mesopotamia for the majority of his governing

20. Parthian War War with Parthia (161 CE-166 CE) when Vologases defeated Rome in Armenia, then went for Syria next. Rome made a counter-attack defeating them in 163 CE Parthia struck again in Mesopotamia (165 CE), but Rome defeated them again (166 CE) with a great help from Syrian General commanding the Roman army, Avidius Cassius.

21. Germanic War Expedition led by Marcus Aurelius and Lucus Verus took place in 167 CE Lucius Verus along with a quarter of the army died (169 CE) from the Antonine Plague (165-180 CE) that was carried by the Roman troops on the march home (from Pannonia against Germans) War was called off in 175 CE with Marcus moving east due to The Revolt of Avidius, Cassus Avidius was then murdered three months later War against Germany started up again in 177 CE, as Marcus was winning the war, he passes (180 CE) due to sickness, rumored of the plague or lead poison

22. Commodus: Early Life  Born in 180 AD  Very well educated, but rowdy as a child.  Father was emperor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Commodus_Musei_Capitoli ni_MC1120.jpg

23. His Reign  Became sole emperor by age 18  Didn’t do too many political things  Senate hated him  People liked him a little  Assassinated in 192 http://www.utexas.edu/courses/ancientfilmCC304/lecture31/ detail.php?linenum=43

24. His Impact Impact  Many historians believe he was beginning of the end of the Roman empire  His lack of competence is reflected in number of assassination attempts.  Last emperor in Antonine Dynasty.

25. Bibliography Weigel, Richard D. "Antoninus Pius (A.D. 138-161)." An Online Encyclopedia of Roman Emperors. June 10, 1998. Accessed February 26, 2013. http://www.roman-emperors.org/tonypis.htm. "Antoninus Pius." Roman Colosseum. Accessed February 26, 2013. http://www.roman-colosseum.info/roman-emperors/antoninus- pius.htm. "Commodus." Crystalinks. Accessed February 26, 2013. http://www.crystalinks.com/commodus.html. "Emperor Commodus." Roman Empire. Accessed February 12, 2013. http://www.roman-empire.net/highpoint/commodus.html. "Antoninus Pius." Roman Empire. Accessed February 12, 2013. http://www.roman-empire.net/highpoint/antoninus.html. "The Life of Commodus." Historia Augusta. August 13, 2012. Accessed February 26, 2013. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Historia_Aug usta/Commodus*.html. Morey, William C., Ph.D., D.C.L. "Chapter XXVI The Five Good Emperors." In Outlines of Roman History. New York, Cincinnati, Chicago: American Book Company, 1901. Accessed February 15, 2013. http://www.forumromanum.org/history/morey26.html. Benario, Herbert W. "Trajan (A.D. 98-117)." Roman Emperors. July 23, 2003. http://www.roman-emperors.org/trajan.htm. "Trajan (Roman Emperor)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Accessed March 15, 2013. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/602150/Trajan. "Ancient Coins: The Saecular Games on Imperial Roman Coinage." Ancient Coins: The Saecular Games on Imperial Roman Coinage. Accessed March 15, 2013. http://www.ngccoin.com/news/viewarticle.aspx?NewsletterNewsArtic leID=1592. "Hadrian 76-138." Hadrian 76-138. Accessed March 15, 2013. http://www.emersonkent.com/history_notes/hadrian.htm. "Emperor Trajan (AD 53-117)." Global Security. Accessed March 14, 2013. Emperor Trajan (AD 53-117). "Www.Kostyrko.com, The Kostyrko Family Website." Www.Kostyrko.com, The Kostyrko Family Website. Accessed March 15, 2013. http://www.kostyrko.com/index.php?main_page=document_general _info. "Trajan." Trajan. Accessed March 15, 2013. http://www.roman- empire.net/highpoint/trajan.html. "Trajan - Roman Emperor Marcus Ulpius Traianus." About.com Ancient / Classical History. Accessed March 15, 2013. http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/rome/p/Trajan.htm. "Trajan." Roman Emperors. Accessed March 15, 2013. http://www.roman-emperors.org/trajan.htm. "Nerva." About.com Ancient / Classical History. Accessed March 15, 2013. http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/nerva/p/Nerva.htm. "Nerva." Roman Emperors. Accessed March 15, 2013. http://www.roman-emperors.org/nerva.htm.