1. Indian Wars

2. Apache and Navajo Wars (1861-1886)
Apache – AZ, NM, and CO territories
Navajo – NM and CO territories

3. Geronimo
Col. Christopher
“Kit” Carson

4. Carson kills or relocates many Apache to reservations in 1862.
Clashes drag on until Geronimo surrenders in 1886.

5. Navajo surrender in 1863, but Carson attacks before and kills hundreds, destroys homeland.
Navajo move to NM reservation in 1865.

6. Sand Creek Massacre (1864) Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho – Central
Plains

7. Black Kettle
Col. John
Chivington

8. Cheyenne massacres prompt Chivington to kill up to 500 surrendered Cheyenne and Arapaho led by Black Kettle.

9. Red River War ( )
Comanche and Southern branches of Cheyenne, Kiowa, and Arapaho – Southern Plains

10. Comanche War parties
Gen. William T. Sherman
Lt. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan

11. Southern Plains Indians relocated to OK Indian Territory in 1867.
Comanche warriors raced to TX to kill hunters who had destroyed their food supply.
Sherman and Sheridan defeat warriors and open land for ranching.

12. Battle of Little Bighorn (1876)
Sioux of the Northern Plains – Dakota, WY, and MT territories (Black Hills Region)

13. Sitting Bull
Crazy Horse
Lt. Col. George A.
Custer

15. US Govt. tries to buy gold-rich Black Hills from Sioux.
Talks fail and Custer’s 7th Calvary sent to round up the Sioux.
Troops meet up with large number of Sioux.
Custer and 200 men killed in “Custer’s Last Stand.”

16. Nez Perce War (1877)
Nez Perce –
ID, WA, and OR
Territories

17. Chief Joseph
Gen. Nelson Miles
Gen. Oliver O.
Howard

18. Nez Perce makes stand to hold land and not move to ID reservation.
Chief Joseph leads families, warriors of tribe (apprx. 700 people) for 1800 miles.
Surrendered after some battles and moved to reservation in WA Territory.

19. Battle of Wounded Knee (1890)
Sioux Reservation in South Dakota (Pine Ridge Reservation)

20. Sitting Bull
US 7th Calvary

21. Ghost Dance raises fears of Sioux uprisings.
Sitting Bull killed in an attempted arrest.
His followers surrender and camp at Wounded Knee.
Shots are fired; some 200 – 300 Sioux die (women and children included).