2. Chapter 2 Section 1

3. Standards of Measurements Standard –Exact quantity that people agree to use SI System –International System of Units & Measurements –AKA Metric System Improved version of the metric system Base 10 number system Universally accepted & understood by scientists throughout the world

4. Types of Units Base Units –Units from which ALL other units are made (derived) Derived units –Combinations of base units

5. SI Base Units Quantity Measured UnitSymbol LengthMeterm MassKilogramkg TimeSeconds TemperatureKelvinK Amount of SubstanceMolemol Electric CurrentAmpereA Intensity of LightCandelacd

6. BIG Common Prefixes PrefixSymbol Multiplying Factor Tera-T1,000,000,000,000 Giga-G1,000,000,000 Mega-M1,000,000 Kilo-k1,000 Hecto-h100 Dekadk10

7. Small Common Prefixes PrefixSymbol Multiplying Factor Deci-d0.1 Centi-c0.01 Milli-m0.001 Micro-μ0.000 001 Nano-n0.000 000 001 Pico-p0.000 000 000 001 Femto - f0.000 000 000 000 001

8. Scientific Notation M x 10 n Way of expressing very BIG or very SMALL numbers Expresses numbers as powers of ten Numerical (M) is between 1.0 and 10 Contains exact number of sig. figs. Pos. exponent (n) is a BIG number Neg. exponent (n) is SMALL number

9. Converting Units Factor Label Method –State Given Factor Unit –Add Railroad Tracks –Show = _______ name desired units –Insert equivalents until desired unit is achieved –Multiply to find resulting value

10. 1 in = __?__ ft 1 in x _________ = _________ft 12 in = 1 ft 1 in x _________ = _________ft 1 ft 12 in.083

11. Chapter 2 Section 2

12. Precision vs. Accuracy Precision –Describes the degree of exactness of a measure Accuracy –Describes how well the results of an experiment agree with the standard value

13. Parallax –The apparent shift in the position of an object when it is viewed from different angles.

14. Sig Figs Nonzero digits are always significant Zeros between 2 other sig figs are always significant (sandwich rule) After a decimal point, the LAST or FINAL digit is significant (little piggy) Zeros that are placeholders are NOT significant

15. When adding with sig figs –In the FINAL answer…Use same number of decimal places as the least precise item being added When multiplying with sig figs –In the FINAL answer…Use the same number of sig figs as the least of the items being multiplied

16. Chapter 2 Section 3

17. Visual Data Line Graph –Shows relationship between dependent variable and independent variable Bar Graph –Comparing info collected by counting Pie Graph –Part to Whole

19. Bar Graphs 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

20. Pie Graph

21. Plotting Line Graphs See steps to follow on pg 31

22. Linear Relationships y = mx + b Y-intercept = b Slope = m = rise= Δy run Δx Δ (delta) means change

23. Non-linear Relationships Quadratic Relationships (parabola) y = ax 2 + bx + c Inverse Relationship (hyperbola) xy = a y = a x