1. Kingdom - Fungi Mycology – Study of fungus

2. Unicellular yeasts to multicellular Armillaria bulbosa spread to area of 30 football fields Unicellular yeasts to multicellular Armillaria bulbosa spread to area of 30 football fields

3. What the heck are fungi? Well, they’re not plants Well, they’re not plants Heterotropic – Heterotropic – Has cell walls - made of chitin (carbohydrate also in insect exoskeleton) Has cell walls - made of chitin (carbohydrate also in insect exoskeleton) Don’t ingest food – digest food outside and then absorb – can be parasitic Don’t ingest food – digest food outside and then absorb – can be parasitic Metriona bicolor Amanita mushroom

4. Fungus anatomy Composed of Hyphae – thin filaments one cell thick making up fungus Composed of Hyphae – thin filaments one cell thick making up fungus

5. Fruiting Body

6. REPRODUCTION hyphae break off and grow on own hyphae break off and grow on own spores spores

7. Spread by spores or hyphae Spread by spores or hyphae

8. Spore spreading Wind Wind Animals Animals Projection Projection Rain Rain

9. Classified into 4 groups 1. Zygote (molds) 2. Club fungi (mushrooms etc.) 3. Sac (yeast and morels) 4. Imperfect (Penicillium)

10. 1. Phylum – Zygomycota Common mold Bread mold – Rhizopus stolonifer Bread mold – Rhizopus stolonifer Bread mold – Rhizopus stolonifer Bread mold – Rhizopus stolonifer Tough spores Tough spores

11. Phylum– Basidiomycotas Club fungi Fruiting body is the “mushroom cap” Fruiting body is the “mushroom cap” Moisture, nutrients and temp. cause fruiting bodies to emerge Moisture, nutrients and temp. cause fruiting bodies to emerge

12. Fruiting body Fruiting body Fruiting body grows fast Fruiting body grows fast Billions of spores produce one cap Billions of spores produce one cap Cap - gills - stalk Cap - gills - stalk Mycelium = underground hyphae Mycelium = underground hyphae

30. Phylum - Ascomycota sac fungi Examples - Yeasts and morels Examples - Yeasts and morels Yeast are helpful in making beverages, ethanol, bread Yeast are helpful in making beverages, ethanol, bread Yeasts are used to study genetics Yeasts are used to study genetics Yeast reproduce quickly asexually Yeast reproduce quickly asexually

31. Imperfect Fungi – deuteromycota Imperfect Fungi – deuteromycota Penicillium roquefortii blue cheese Penicillium roquefortii blue cheese Penicillium - antibiotic Penicillium - antibiotic Green mold found on oranges Green mold found on oranges Green mold found on oranges Green mold found on oranges

32. Symiotic fungi – both partners benefit Symiotic fungi – both partners benefit Lichens – symbiotic w/fungi and photosynthetic organisms (algae or cyanobacteria) Lichens – symbiotic w/fungi and photosynthetic organisms (algae or cyanobacteria) Lichens – symbiotic w/fungi and photosynthetic organisms Lichens – symbiotic w/fungi and photosynthetic organisms Some fungi help roots of plants get nitrogen Some fungi help roots of plants get nitrogen

40. Ecology of the fungi Essential to life as we know it Decomposers – break down waste/bodies Decomposers – break down waste/bodies Nutrient recyclers Nutrient recyclers

41. Parasitic – obtain nutrients from living organisms Parasitic – obtain nutrients from living organisms Ergot – wheat fungus Ergot – wheat fungus Salem witch trials Salem witch trials Aspergillis Aspergillis Blastomycosis Blastomycosis Killer fungi Killer fungi Killer fungi Killer fungi

42. are divided into the phyla includes Section 21-2 Fungi Common molds Imperfect fungi Sac fungi Club fungi AscomycotaZygomycotaBasidiomycota Deuteromycota