1. Glory that was Greece to Alexander the Great

2.  Government  Height of democracy  Male citizens held office  Ostracism: temporary banishment of a citizen, decided by popular vote Pericles (Golden Age of Athens)

3.  431 BC Conflict between Athens and Sparta  Lasted 27 years  Aftermath a. Greece was politically unstable b. Athens 2nd rate power c. City-state wars continue Peloponnesian War

4. Philosophers- “lovers of wisdom” Rhetoric- the artful skill of speaking  Socrates  Socratic Method: examine beliefs and ideas through critical questioning Philosophers

5. Plato  Academy: a special school in Athens for teaching philosophy  “The Republic”: Plato's view of the perfect society  3 classes: philosophers, soldiers, & workers  Looked down on democracy  Allegory of the Cave Philosophers

6. Aristotle  “Golden Mean”: the desirable middle between two extremes  Lyceum: school where he gave lectures Philosophers

7. Drama & History Tragedies  Aeschylus, Sophocles, &Euripides History  Herodotus: Father of History  Thucydides: History of the Peloponnesian War

8.  Goal to unite Greece  Organized the best-disciplined army in Macedonian history  Used phalanxes Philip II

9. Alexander the Great  Conquered Persian Empire  Established empire that extended from Greece to Egypt & India  Almost never lost a battle

10. Empire of Alexander the Great

11.  Alexandria was capital of empire  Most lasting achievement was the spread of Greek culture (Hellenistic Culture) Legacy of Alexander

12. Advances  Pythagoras- Pythagorean Theorem: derived a formula for the sides of a triangle  Euclid- basis of geometry

13. Advances  Hippocrates- considered to be the founder of medical science  Archimedes- applied physics to practical inventions- lever and pulley