1. EXERCISE 19: BRAIN AND CRANIAL NERVES

3. FOREBRAIN
MIDBRAIN
HINDBRAIN

5. CEREBRUM
Transverse Fissure

7. ON PARIETAL LOBE Primary somato-sensory area
ON FRONTAL LOBE Primary motor area

8. Cortex (superficial) is gray matter White matter is deeper

10. DIENCEPHALON= thalamus + hypothalamus

11. Endocrine Attachments
Pineal Gland

12. MENINGES Same setup as spinal cord— Dura mater most superficial,
Arachnoid,
Pia mater closest to brain

13. Mesencephalic or CEREBRAL aqueduct

14. CHOROID PLEXUSES Specialized capillaries in ventricles
Produce CSF—Circulates from here to central canal (s. cord) & around outside of brain/cord too

15. MIDBRAIN
CORPORA QUADRIGEMINA

16. HINDBRAIN

17. HINDBRAIN--cerebellum

18. Don’t Forget!
Sheep Brain Dissection next class!

19. Sensory Nerve Attachments
Optic nerves: to eyes
Optic chiasm: cross
Optic tracts: to brain

20. CRANIAL NERVES 12 pairs Connect to brain: CN I cerebrum CN II thalamus
CN III-XII brain stem
O O O T T A F V G V A H
S S M M B M B S B B M M
Nerve names:
Nerve functions:

21. Brain Overload!!
Oh, Once One Takes The Anatomy Final, Very Good Vacations Are Heavenly… Or
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Very Good VIOLINS, AH!
Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big BROWNIES Matter Most

22. CN I: OLFACTORY SENSORY Smell From olfactory epithelium
Olfactory nerve-bulb-tract
(Cribriform foramina of ethmoid)
14-21

23. CN II: OPTIC SENSORY From retina Optic nerve-chiasm-tract
(Optic canal-sphenoid)
14-22

24. CN III: OCULOMOTOR Mostly MOTOR To eye muscles
(superior orbital fissures-sphenoid)
14-22

25. CN IV: TROCHLEAR Mostly MOTOR To superior oblique eye muscles
(superior orbital fissures-sphenoid)
14-22

26. CN V: TRIGEMINAL Mixed (sensory and motor) Ophthalmic Branch
Sensory-orbital, upper face structures
Maxillary Branch
Sensory-lower face structures
Mandibular Branch
Mixed-mouth

27. 14-24

28. CN VI: ABDUCENS Mostly motor To lateral rectus eye muscles
(superior orbital fissure)
14-23

29. CN VII: FACIAL Mixed To parts of face
Expressions, tear/salivary glands
14-25

30. CN VIII: VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR
Sensory, from inner ear
Vestibular branch
Balance, equilibrium
Cochlear branch
Hearing
14-26

31. CN IX: GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
Mixed to head and neck
Sensory: posterior tongue
Motor: pharyngeal muscles (swallowing), salivary gland
14-27

32. CN X: VAGUS Mixed to visceral organs, larynx, pharynx
Sensory: ear, diaphragm, organs
Motor: pharynx, digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular systems
14-28

33. CN XI: ACCESSORY Join at foramen magnum Mostly motor
To muscles of neck, upper back
Cranial root
Fibers originate in medulla
Spinal root
Some motor fibers originate in spinal cord
Join at foramen magnum
14-29

34. CN XII: HYPOGLOSSAL
Mostly motor
To tongue muscles
14-29

35. CRANIAL NERVES

38. Sheep Brain Dissection
Safety First!
Sharps: blades and blade holders
Goggles
Gloves
Biohazard waste disposal
No tissue down the drain!
Gloves also
Cleaning the dissection trays & your instruments

39. Sheep Brain Dissection

40. Sheep Brain Superficial Dura mater, pia mater
Lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital)

41. Superficial
Pituitary gland
Olfactory bulbs
Optic nerves, optic chiasm, optic tract

42. Sheep Brain Cerebral cortex (gray matter) Cerebral white matter
Longitudinal section
Cerebral cortex (gray matter)
Cerebral white matter
Corpus callosum
third, 4th ventricles
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal gland
Superior colliculi
Inferior colliculi
Pons
Medulla oblongata
Cerebellum (arbor vitae, cerebellar cortex)

46. Sheep Brain
Transverse section
Lateral ventricles

47. Sheep Brain Dura mater, pia mater Pituitary gland Superficial
Olfactory bulbs
Optic nerves, optic chiasm, optic tract
Cerebral cortex (gray matter)
Cerebral white matter
Corpus callosum
Lateral, third, 4th ventricles
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal gland
Superior colliculi
Inferior colliculi
Pons
Medulla oblongata
Cerebellum (arbor vitae, cerebellar cortex)
Longitudinal section & Transverse section