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Published byClifford Ramsey Modified over 9 years ago
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Volcanoes Some Key Terms
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Plate Tectonics Separating ASH CRATER LAVA SIDE VENT CRUST MAGMA CHAMBER
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Types of Eruption Quiet Eruption Explosive Eruption Fissure Flows Intermediate Eruption
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Quiet Eruption Low pressure, lava pours out in steady stream and thinly, calm –often called Hawaiian –produces a shield cone - wide base, and gentle, convex slope –gases emitted slowly
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Shield Cone
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Explosive Eruption Great violence, often earthquakes or loud rumblings preceding the eruption Volcanic bombs (pyroclastics) Produces a cinder cone - narrow base, steep side Volcanoes not very high because material is loosely organized –e.g.Krakatoa 1883
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Pyroclastic
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Cinder Cone
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Fissure Flows An open crack in solid surface produces a lava plateau or plain many kilometres wide –looks like a ribbon of magma/fire Produces a flood basalt "cone" or lava plateau
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Fissure Flows When it erodes it "candles" like fresh water ice in hexagonal columns!!! –Ireland - Giant's Causeway
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Fissure Flow
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Flood Basalt
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Intermediate Eruption Also called Strombolian - a combination of quiet and explosive eruptions A combination of lava and rock fragments in alternating layers (produces pyroclastics during explosive phase) Produces a composite cone or stratovolcano
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Stratovolcano
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What kind of eruption produces a… Explosive Eruption Intermediate Eruption Quiet Eruption
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