1. Wednesday – September 18, 2013 Mr. Lombardi Do Now: 1.Would you like to visit Africa or the Middle East? Why/Why not? 2.List 3 things that come to mind when you think about Africa and the Middle East (questions, ideas, or even pictures) Aim: How has geography in Africa and the Middle East affected the way people lived?

2. GEOGRAPHY REVIEW

4. How has geography affected people of Africa? “Two Africas” – North – Sub-Saharan Geographic barriers – Tough to connect/interact – Ex: Sahara Desert Cultural diversity due to geographic diversity.

5. The Five Regions of Africa 1.North Africa – mountain ranges and desert. 2.West Africa – grasslands, more populated. 3.East Africa – mountains, plateaus, grasslands/plains/savannah, hills. 4.South Africa – desert, mountain range. 5.Central Africa – Equator, rainforest

7. How has geography affected people of the Middle East? Centrally located North Africa and South West Asia Natural resources of oil are very important.

8. Physical geography and its effects on people Sahara Desert – groups are kept separate; nomads. Smooth/regular coastline – kept invaders from other continents away until industrial revolution. Lack of navigable rivers – lack of communication, diversity, many languages. Great Rift Valley – lack of communication, diversity, many languages. High Plateau – lack of communication, diversity, many languages.

9. Summary How has geography in Africa and the Middle East affected the way the people lived? How can geography shape any culture?

10. Important links 1.John Bowne website – www.johnbowne.org 2.Regents Prep – www.regentsprep.org

11. 1. Which environmental issue most concerns Central Africa, the Amazon River Basin, and the Malay Peninsula? 1.Nuclear contamination 2.Desertification 3.Deforestation 4.Overpopulation

12. 2. In Latin America, the deforestation of the Amazon rain forest led to 1.Environmental dangers 2.The maintenance of a traditional way of life 3.The discovery of new medicines 4.Overpopulation in rural areas

13. 3. In the 1990s, what was the most severe threat to the physical environment of Brazil, Costa Rica, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire)? 1.Spread of urban centers 2.Destruction of the rain forests 3.Nuclear waste disposal 4.Increased immigration

14. 4.

15. 5. During the 1990s, the Sahel regions of Africa have been faced with problems resulting from 1.The lack of rainfall from the monsoons 2.The effects of acid rain 3.Water pollution 4.Increasing desertification

16. 6. A negative impact of the use of modern technologies is that 1.Levels of air and water pollution often increase 2.Economic opportunities are frequently limited 3.Contacts with other cultures decrease 4.International trade is limited

17. 7. Deforestation, acid rain, and the greenhouse effect are major world problems that indicate a need for 1.The development of mass transit systems in developing nations 2.An increase in the worldwide production of oil 3.A reduction in crop production in some areas of the world 4.Cooperation between nations to reduce pollution and environmental destruction

18. 8. The problems created by the deterioration of the Earth’s ozone layer and increases in the amounts of acid rain suggest a worldwide need for 1.Rapid industrialization of developing economies 2.Better health-care programs 3.Nuclear-powered electric generating facilities 4.Stricter pollution regulations