1. 2.5 MOTIVATION AND REWARDS Department of Economics and Business BIS

2. Motivation is the thing which makes you do something. Eg I am hungry-this motivates me to eat. Motivation in terms of workers is what makes someone work (harder) Motivation is the thing which makes you do something. Eg I am hungry-this motivates me to eat. Motivation in terms of workers is what makes someone work (harder)

3. The Role of Motivation in Achieving Objectives Motivation and Ability Equals Performance NB Performance in a job is also a function of ability level (so training is important) as well as motivation.

4. People have needs / goals that motivate them to work hard. If not satisfied then frustration results in: People have needs / goals that motivate them to work hard. If not satisfied then frustration results in: Consequences of a Poorly Motivated Workforce The Role of Motivation in Achieving Objectives

5. Consequences of a Poorly Motivated Workforce Lateness, absence, sickness, high labour turnover. Poor quality work, low output. High level of customer complaints Unwillingness to take responsibility. The Role of Motivation in Achieving Objectives

6. Quarrels with colleagues. Disputes with management. Accidents. Damage to equipment or property. Consequences of a Poorly Motivated Workforce The Role of Motivation in Achieving Objectives

7. Can lead to: increased costs loss of sales reduced profits due to waste or inefficiency. increased costs loss of sales reduced profits due to waste or inefficiency. Consequences of a Poorly Motivated Workforce The Role of Motivation in Achieving Objectives

8. Benefits of a Well-Motivated Workforce Higher labour productivity levels, reduced labour cost per unit. Improved quality, enhanced reputation, lower level of defects. Lower labour turnover and associated costs. Lower absenteeism, improved punctuality. The Role of Motivation in Achieving Objectives

9. Benefits of a Well-Motivated Workforce Greater willingness to contribute ideas – could lead to cost- saving,and bigger profits. Greater desire to take on responsibility – saves costs, as less supervision is required. Greater willingness to accept change. The Role of Motivation in Achieving Objectives

10. What Motivates a Human? Basic Assumptions Need:In order to survive bodies need warmth. Goal:Earn money to pay for heating / clothes. Need:In order to survive bodies need warmth. Goal:Earn money to pay for heating / clothes. Example

11. Needs can be classified into two categories: primary - physical, eg food, water, warmth, air, sleep. secondary – social needs, eg love, esteem, achievement, power. What Motivates a Human? Basic Assumptions

12. A person has a need when he / she has not had a need met Once need is felt they focus on a goal to satisfy it. What Motivates a Human? Basic Assumptions

13. The Importance of Money as a Motivator Money a key reason why people go to work. Need it to pay for food, water, warmth to survive. Money a key reason why people go to work. Need it to pay for food, water, warmth to survive. What Motivates a Human?

14. The Importance of Money as a Motivator Money used by organisations to reward people. Can help to motivate a person to work harder. Money used by organisations to reward people. Can help to motivate a person to work harder. What Motivates a Human?

15. But … often not the most important motivator. What Motivates a Human? The Importance of Money as a Motivator

16. Other Reasons Why People Work Gets people out of the house / provides meaning and structure to the day. Provides an opportunity to socialise, interact with others. What Motivates a Human?

17. Provides an opportunity to use / develop knowledge, skill. Can provide a challenge, a sense of achievement, increase power and boost self esteem. What Motivates a Human? Other Reasons Why People Work

18. 18 year old school leaver may be more interested in: Earning enough money to pay for or rent his / her own flat. Example 40 year old manager, worked in same position for 10 years, already owns own house, may want: More challenging job, willing to take drop in salary to secure this. People ’ s needs are Different and May Change What Motivates a Human?