1. The Cycles Presented by Mr. Rainbeau

2. III. The Cycles

3. A. The water cycle is the repeated movement of water between the Earth’s atmosphere, surface and living things

4. 1. Evaporation – water changes from a liquid to a gas

5. 2. Transpiration – how water evaporates from leaves

6. 3. Respiration - breathing

7. 4. Condensation - the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water (clouds)

8. 5. Precipitation - water released from clouds in the form of rain, snow, or hail

9. 6. Runoff- precipitation falls on the land, flows over land (runoff), and runs into rivers, which then empty into the oceans

12. Water cycles through not only abiotic, but biotic factors as well: –Transpiration –Perspiration –Breathing –Urination

13. B. The Carbon and Oxygen Cycles

14. B. The carbon and oxygen cycles are the repeated movements of C and O through an ecosystem

15. 1. CO 2 in the air/water is used by plants, algae, and bacteria for photosynthesis

16. 2. Carbon atoms return to the pool of CO 2 in the air in one of three ways

17. a)Respiration – nearly all organisms engage in cellular respiration and CO 2 is the byproduct

18. b)Combustion – Carbon returns to the atmosphere through burning.

19. 1)Burning of fossil fuels ( Remains of organisms that became buried gradually transformed by heat and pressure into oil and coal)

20. Non-renewable!

21. c)Erosion – shells of dead organisms form limestone and as the limestone erodes the carbon becomes available

22. 3. Carbon is stored in limestone, fossil fuels, and biomass in the ecosystem

24. C. Nitrogen Cycle is the pathway by which N moves through an ecosystem 1.Nitrogen is needed for: a)Proteins b) DNA & RNAc) ATP

25. 2. Air we breathe is 78% nitrogen – but we cannot use this form

27. 3. Four processes of the nitrogen cycle: a)Nitrogen fixation - the process that converts N 2 in the air into usable nitrogen compounds 1)nitrogen fixing bacteria in soil and roots convert N 2 into NH 3 (ammonium ions)

30. b) Nitrification - ammonium ions are changed into nitrates (done by nitrifying bacteria)

32. c)Ammonification - breaking down of Nitrogen compounds in remains of dead organisms (performed by decomposers)

34. d)Denitrification - conversion of ammonia or nitrates into nitrogen gas. (by Denitrifying bacteria) take nitrogen compounds in the soil and convert it into free nitrogen and returned it to the atmosphere