1. Food Supply of Mongolia Mongolian State University of Agriculture
Enkhbayar TUMURTOGOO
Mongolian State University of Agriculture

2. 1. Global food crisis
Over 1 billion people who is equal to one sixth of the world’s population suffer from hunger . Undernourishment is widespread especially in Ethiopia, Zambia and throughout Africa.

3. 2. Brief history and current situation of Mongolian agricultural system
Mongolia has broad and wide territory which covers an area of 1.5 million square kilometers and a dense population of 2.7 million people. It is situated in central Asia and shares borders with Russia and China. The climate is continental with four seasons a year.

4. Food Supply of Mongolia
Agriculture
Wheat
Potato
Vegetable
Animal husbandry
Meat
Milk

5. Agricultural sector:
In 1959 the 1st expedition observed 1.7 million hectares area
Until 1989 we used 76% (1.3 million hectares area)
After 1990s use of Agricultural land
decreased
“Agricultural campaign in 1959, 1976”
By 2007 we could supply 24.9% of wheat, 86% of potato, 47% of vegetable and used just 30% of eligible land
In The 3rd Agrarian Campaign

6. -Cereal grains are humankind’s major food Until the middle of the 1990s Mongolia was self sufficient in wheat and an occasional exporter Wheat production has declined steady since 1994 and commercial imports, food aid of wheat have increased Wheat balance

7. -Planting areas of potatoes and vegetables are small related to wheat crop -Like most other food industries, the production of potatoes and vegetables declined in the middle of the 1990s -Concern about the quality and safety of the imported potatoes and vegetables is widespread in the country
Potato balance
Vegetable balance

8. Livestock is the main livelihood source and the wealth of Mongolia
Animal husbandry:
Livestock is the main livelihood source and the wealth of Mongolia
In livestock sector the main producer is a herder household
Mongolia is one of the leading countries by number of livestock per capita
By January 1st 2009 number of livestock in Mongolia has reached thousand heads
(Population of Mongolia – 2.7 million people)

9. About 30 % of total labor force of our country is engaged in the animal husbandry and animal originated products form around one forth of the export income.

10. -Meat industry collapsed with the privatization of livestock in Most of the meat is processed in rural households using traditional techniques
Meat balance

11. -Mongolia used to be self-sufficient in milk in the socialist period and even a small exporter -The dairy industry collapsed during the abrupt transition from State to private ownership in the middle the1990s -Total milk production has been recovering since then Milk balance

12. Challenges: Government policy
What kind of problems do we face in Agricultural sector?
Factors that influenced the food decrease:
Economic : Economic system transform, Inflation
Social
Climate
Technology
Government policy
Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Light Industry
announced “The 3rd Agricultural Campaign” in which
will last for 3 years

13. Conclusion:
The role of the food supply and demand is tightly related to the sustainable development of the Mongolian agricultural sector
Even though we had some hard times in the agricultural division after the 1990s when the economic and social transformation occurred I feel optimistic about the Mongolian food supply perspective because there are various kinds of possibilities for us to improve it in the future
The nearest and biggest goal is to become a self sufficient country in food supply and stop import outflow expenses

14. To intensify and integrate crop and livestock production
To provide favorable condition for crop planting and animal husbandry
Enhance the labor force
Improve agricultural machinery
Enhance soil fertility
Using wise managements and strategies
Recommendations:

15. Thank you for your attention