1. Grid & Area References It can be difficult to find places or features easily on a map.

2. Topographic maps are large scale and we use these for Area and Grid references

3. So how do we locate features on a Topographic map? http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/north_west/7824895.stm This BBC link details the importance of Grid References for emergency services to reach rural areas. We can locate places easily on a topographic map by using the maps gridlines. On a topographic map the vertical ( ) lines are called eastings because they increase in value as we move eastward. The horizontal ( ) lines are called northings because they increase in value as we move northwards.

4. Eastings Northings N 18 17 16 15 222324252627

5. Area Reference Features such as a small lake, quarry or village are usually located by means of an Area Reference (AR) To find the (AR) of a feature we use the coordinate in the lower left-hand corner of the grid square in which the feature is located. You always read the easting first then the northing. (hint to remember E comes before N in the alphabet) An area reference always has 4 figures Into the house and up the stairs” may help you remember!! EXAMPLE: AR3363 eastingnorthing

6. Eastings Northings N 18 17 16 15 222324252627 The Area Reference of the house is: AR2317 Remember with (AR) you use the bottom left hand corner What is the (AR) for: The plane: AR2215 The boy: AR2316

7. Area references 212223242526 39 38 35 36 37 A Time now for a little test. FOUR squares are going to be highlighted and you have TEN seconds to write down the area reference for each square. 109876 54321 A CLICK to start..... CLICK for the next square

8. Area references 212223242526 39 38 35 36 37 A 109876 54321 B CLICK for the next square B

9. Area references 212223242526 39 38 35 36 37 A 109876 54321 C CLICK for the next square C B

10. Area references 212223242526 39 38 35 36 37 A 109876 54321 D CLICK for the next square C B D

11. Area references 212223242526 39 38 35 36 37 A CLICK TO CHECK EACH ANSWER C B D A = 2238 B = 2536 C = 2235 D = 2337 How did you get on?

12. Grid References We can locate relatively small and more specific features on map by using Grid Reference (GR). (GR) locates the exact point on the grid. Unlike (AR), Grid Reference uses 6 figures. - The first two numbers of each coordinate refers to the eastings and northings that surround the map. - The third number needed to complete each coordinate is obtained by dividing each easting and northing into tenths. Example: GR335638 eastingnorthing Dividing the easting and northing into tenths

14. Eastings Northing N 18 17 16 15 222324252627 What is the grid reference (GR) for the ball in which the boy is about to catch? Answer: GR238169

15. Come up to the Interactive White Board

16. Compass Directions 2122 2324 66 67 68 F A B GC H E I D J N E S W NWNE SE SW What direction are you walking ? DFHIJG AC EBA

17. Interactives http://mapzone.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/map zone/PagesHomeworkHelp/maptivity/gridr eferences/http://mapzone.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/map zone/PagesHomeworkHelp/maptivity/gridr eferences/ http://geographyfieldwork.com/TestGridIntr o.htmhttp://geographyfieldwork.com/TestGridIntr o.htm

18. CLASS EXERCISE Give the (AR) for the following features: 1.Church; 2.Village Hall; 3.Grove farm; 4.The dairy farm; 5.The town of Little Plumpton; 6.The entire (AR)’s for Gibbet Wood; 7.The (AR)’s that Dale Road passes through; 8.The approximate (GR) of Grove farm.

19. Interactives http://www.mape.org.uk/startower/maps/re sources/map1.htmhttp://www.mape.org.uk/startower/maps/re sources/map1.htm http://www.mape.org.uk/startower/maps/re sources/map1b.htmhttp://www.mape.org.uk/startower/maps/re sources/map1b.htm