1. Consciousness

3. Sleep and Dreams People on average go through the 4 stages of sleep five times a night. People on average go through the 4 stages of sleep five times a night. When do you dream? When do you dream? Vivid dreams occur during REM, NREM dreams are vague Vivid dreams occur during REM, NREM dreams are vague What does this tell you about the number of times you dream? What does this tell you about the number of times you dream? What is REM? What is REM? Rapid Eye Movement Rapid Eye Movement

4. What if you don’t sleep? Sleep helps fight infection Sleep helps fight infection Sleep helps reduce stress Sleep helps reduce stress REM sleep helps people rebound REM sleep helps people rebound It helps infants’ brains grow…infants dream more than adults It helps infants’ brains grow…infants dream more than adults It helps adults brain exercise It helps adults brain exercise Pituitary gland actually secretes a hormone Pituitary gland actually secretes a hormone

5. Dreams Freud believed that dreams were a result of the subconscious Freud believed that dreams were a result of the subconscious What do you think? Thousands of books and websites on the topic. What do you think? Thousands of books and websites on the topic. dream interpreter dream interpreter dream interpreter dream interpreter Some believe the mind is just making sense of random neural firing. We spend about 100 minutes a night dreaming. Some believe the mind is just making sense of random neural firing. We spend about 100 minutes a night dreaming.

6. Sleep Deficit Lack of sleep decreases hormones needed for proper immune system functioning Lack of sleep decreases hormones needed for proper immune system functioning Transportation board says fatigue is a bigger safety problem than alcohol Transportation board says fatigue is a bigger safety problem than alcohol Can cause hypertension, impaired concentration, irritability, suppression of cancer fighting immune cells, premature aging. Can cause hypertension, impaired concentration, irritability, suppression of cancer fighting immune cells, premature aging.

7. Sleep Problems Insomnia- Solve it…make a million. Insomnia- Solve it…make a million. Inability to sleep- Often caused by anxiety or tension. (Sunday insomnia) Inability to sleep- Often caused by anxiety or tension. (Sunday insomnia) Psychologists suggest non-medicinal techniques like imagery relaxation techniques. Psychologists suggest non-medicinal techniques like imagery relaxation techniques. No caffeine after 3:00 pm No caffeine after 3:00 pm Get up at the same time every day Get up at the same time every day Relax at night don’t get fired up Relax at night don’t get fired up If you can’t sleep get up…don’t read in bed If you can’t sleep get up…don’t read in bed

8. Sleep Problems Nightmares and Night Terrors Nightmares and Night Terrors College students average 2 nightmares a month…do you have more? College students average 2 nightmares a month…do you have more? Night terrors are more severe. They occur in a deeper sleep and lead to movement and often screaming. They are more common in little kids Night terrors are more severe. They occur in a deeper sleep and lead to movement and often screaming. They are more common in little kids

9. Sleep Problems Sleep Apnea Sleep Apnea Stop breathing and do not start until they sit up and gasp for air Stop breathing and do not start until they sit up and gasp for air Caused by a blockage of air passages Caused by a blockage of air passages Map be linked to SIDS Map be linked to SIDS

10. Narcolepsy Narcoleptic Goats Narcoleptic Goats Narcoleptic Goats Narcoleptic Goats A rare sleeping problem where people or animals fall asleep and instantly enter REM sleep. A rare sleeping problem where people or animals fall asleep and instantly enter REM sleep. Can occur at any time and may be very dangerous…why? Can occur at any time and may be very dangerous…why?