2. European Resuscitation Council Basic Life Support & Automated External Defibrillation Course

3. European Resuscitation Council OBJECTIVES At the end of the winter term participants should be able to demonstrate: –How to assess the collapsed victim. –How to perform chest compression and rescue breathing. –How to place an unconscious breathing victim in the recovery position.

4. European Resuscitation Council Most frequent causes of cardiac arrest Poruchy rytmu pri AIM

5. European Resuscitation Council Most common causes of cardiac arrest 1. place IHD...Myocardial infarct, Trauma Poisoning Drowning Hypotermia... Venticular fibrilation

6. European Resuscitation Council  Basic life support  Advanced life support 1961: Peter Safar

7. European Resuscitation Council CHAIN OF SURVIVAL 112

8. European Resuscitation Council BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS) A irway B reathing C irculation (CAB)

9. European Resuscitation Council Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths

10. European Resuscitation Council APPROACH SAFELY! Scene Rescuer Victim Bystanders Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths

11. European Resuscitation Council CHECK RESPONSE Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths

12. European Resuscitation Council Shake shoulders gently Ask “Are you all right?” If he responds Leave as you find him. Find out what is wrong. Reassess regularly. CHECK RESPONSE

13. European Resuscitation Council SHOUT FOR HELP Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths

14. European Resuscitation Council OPEN AIRWAY Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths

15. European Resuscitation Council AIRWAY OPENING BY NECK EXTENSION Campbell

16. European Resuscitation Council Cervical spine injury Jaw thrust (no for lay rescuer) for open airway

17. European Resuscitation Council CHECK BREATHING Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths

18. European Resuscitation Council CHECK BREATHING Look, listen and feel for NORMAL breathing Do not confuse agonal breathing with NORMAL breathing

19. European Resuscitation Council AGONAL BREATHING Occurs shortly after the heart stops in up to 40% of cardiac arrests Described as barely, heavy, noisy or gasping breathing Recognise as a sign of cardiac arrest

20. European Resuscitation Council Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths

21. European Resuscitation Council 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths

22. European Resuscitation Council Place the heel of one hand in the centre of the chest Place other hand on top Interlock fingers Compress the chest –Rate 100 min -1 –Depth 4-5 cm –Equal compression : relaxation When possible change CPR operator every 2 min CHEST COMPRESSIONS

23. European Resuscitation Council Handley A.J., Koster R., Monsieurs K., Perkins G.D., Davies S., Bossaert L.: European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2005. Section 2. Adult basic life support and use of automated external defibrillators Resuscitation (2005) 67S1, S7—S23 30 : 2

24. European Resuscitation Council RESCUE BREATHS Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths

25. European Resuscitation Council RESCUE BREATHS Pinch the nose Take a normal breath Place lips over mouth Blow until the chest rises Take about 1 second Allow chest to fall Repeat

26. European Resuscitation Council CONTINUE CPR 302

27. European Resuscitation Council Continous chest compression - only

28. European Resuscitation Council The use of protective devices is recommended

29. European Resuscitation Council IF VICTIM STARTS TO BREATHE NORMALLY PLACE IN RECOVERY POSITION It ensures the tongue is held in forward position It reduces the chance of inhalation of any expelled gastric contents

30. European Resuscitation Council

31. Choking forein body airway obstruction Mild airway obstruction (effective cough, breathe, conscious, speak) Encourage continued coughing, observing for relief of the obstruction

32. European Resuscitation Council Severe airway obstruction – conscious (unable to speak, to breathe, to cough) 5 back blows 5 abdominal thrust Severe airway obstruction – unconscious Start CPR (even if the puls is present)

33. European Resuscitation Council DEFIBRILLATION

34. European Resuscitation Council Call 112 Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Attach AED Follow voice prompts

35. European Resuscitation Council SWITCH ON AED Some AEDs will automatically switch themselves on when the lid is opened

36. European Resuscitation Council ATTACH PADS TO CASUALTY’S BARE CHEST

37. European Resuscitation Council ANALYSING RHYTHM DO NOT TOUCH VICTIM

38. European Resuscitation Council Ventricular fibrillation Ventricular tachycardia Asystole Electro-mechanical disociation (EMD) Pulseless ventricular activity (PVA)

39. European Resuscitation Council SHOCK INDICATED Stand clear Deliver shock

40. European Resuscitation Council SHOCK DELIVERED FOLLOW AED INSTRUCTIONS 30 2

41. European Resuscitation Council NO SHOCK ADVISED FOLLOW AED INSTRUCTIONS 30 2

42. European Resuscitation Council IF VICTIM STARTS TO BREATHE NORMALLY PLACE IN RECOVERY POSITION

43. European Resuscitation Council www.erc.edu www.resus.org.ukwww.erc.edu Moule P., Albarran J., 2009: Practical resuscitation for healthcare professionals www. books.google.com

44. European Resuscitation Council www.erc.edu www.resus.org.ukwww.erc.edu Resuscitation (2005) 67 Supplement Resuscitation (2005) 67 NEW GUIDELINES: October 2010

45. European Resuscitation Council ANY QUESTIONS?

46. European Resuscitation Council Thank you !

47. European Resuscitation Council BACKGROUND Approximately 700,000 cardiac arrests per year in Europe Survival to hospital discharge presently approximately 5-10% Bystander CPR vital intervention before arrival of emergency services Early resuscitation and prompt defibrillation (within 1-2 minutes) can result in >60% survival

48. European Resuscitation Council CPR IN CHILDREN Adult CPR techniques can be used on children Compressions 1/3 of the depth of the chest

49. European Resuscitation Council AED IN CHILDREN Age > 8 years use adult AED Age 1-8 years use paediatric pads / settings if available (otherwise use adult mode) Age < 1 year use only if manufacturer instructions indicate it is safe

50. European Resuscitation Council ANY QUESTIONS?

51. European Resuscitation Council Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 30 chest compressions 2 rescue breaths Approach safely Check response Shout for help Open airway Check breathing Call 112 Attach AED Follow voice prompts