1. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Introduction Surface anatomy is the study of the anatomical landmarks on the exterior of the body. Visualization Palpation

2. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Bony Landmarks of the Head Sagittal suture, coronal and lambdoid sutures. External occipital protuberance Orbit Supraorbital margin of the frontal bone Nasal bones Mandible  ramus  body  angle Zygomatic arch and zygomatic bones Mastoid process

3. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Muscles of Facial Expression Occipitofrontalis Orbicularis oculi Corrugator supercilii Zygomaticus major Depressor labii inferioris Orbicularis oris Temporalis Masseter

4. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Anatomy of the Head

5. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Eyes Pupil Sclera Conjunctiva Eyelids (palpebrae) Palpebral fissure Medial commissure Lateral commissure Lacrimal caruncle. Eyelashes Eyebrows

6. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Anatomy of the Eye

7. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Ears Auricle Tragus Antitragus Concha Helix Antihelix Triangular fossa Lobule External auditory canal (meatus)

8. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Ears

9. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Nose and Mouth Root Apex Dorsum nasi External naris Ala Bridge Philtrum Lips (labia)

10. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Anatomy of the Neck Thyroid cartilage Hyoid bone Cricoid cartilage Thyroid gland Sternocleidomastoid muscle Arteries and veins

11. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Anatomy of the Neck Trapezius Vertebral spines Vertebra prominens

12. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Anatomy of the Neck

13. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Back Vertebral spines Scapulae Latissimus dorsi Erector spinae (sacrospinalis) muscle Infraspinatus muscle Trapezius muscle

14. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Back Teres major muscle Posterior axillary fold Triangle of auscultation

15. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Back

16. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Chest Clavicle Sternoclavicular joint Suprasternal (jugular) notch of sternum Manubrium of sternum Sternal angle of sternum

17. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Chest Body of sternum. Xiphoid process of sternum Costal margin Serratus anterior Ribs Mammary glands

18. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Chest

19. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Shoulder Acromioclavicular joint Acromion Humerus Deltoid muscle

20. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Armpit Apex Base Anterior wall Posterior wall Medial wall Lateral wall

21. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Arm and Elbow Humerus Biceps brachii Triceps brachii muscle Medial epicondyle Lateral epicondyle

22. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Arm and Elbow Olecranon Ulnar nerve Cubital fossa Median cubital vein Brachial artery Bicipital aponeurosis

23. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Arm and Elbow

24. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of Forearm and Wrist Ulna Radius Brachioradialis muscle Flexor carpi radialis muscle Palmaris longus muscle Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle Radial artery Pisiform bone Wrist creases

25. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Forearm and Wrist

26. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Forearm and Wrist

27. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Forearm and Wrist

28. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Hand Knuckles Dorsal venous network of the hand (dorsal venous arch). Tendon of extensor digiti minimi muscle Tendons of extensor digitorum muscle

29. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Hand

30. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Abdomen and Pelvis Abdominal aorta Inferior vena cava External oblique muscle Rectus abdominis muscles Linea alba Linea semilunaris Iliac crest

31. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Buttock Gluteus maximus muscle Gluteus medius muscle Gluteal (natal) cleft Gluteal fold Ischial tuberosity Greater trochanter

32. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Anatomy of the Buttock

33. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Thigh and Knee Sartorius muscle Quadriceps femoris muscle Adductor longus muscle Femoral triangle

34. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Thigh and Knee Hamstring muscles Patella Patellar ligament Medial condyle of femur Medial condyle of tibia Lateral condyle of femur Lateral condyle of tibia Popliteal fossa

35. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of Knee and Thigh

36. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of Knee and Thigh

37. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Leg, Ankle and Foot Tibial tuberosity Tibialis anterior muscle Tibia Fibularis (peroneus) longus muscle Gastrocnemius muscle Soleus muscle

38. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Surface Features of the Leg, Ankle and Foot Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon Lateral malleolus of fibula Medial malleolus of tibia Dorsal venous arch Tendons of extensor digitorum longus muscle Tendon of extensor hallucis longus muscle

39. Copyright 2011, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. End of Chapter 27 Copyright 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without express permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the Permission Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The Publishers assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information herein.