1. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Chapter 10: Graphic Illustrations PowerPoint by JoAnn Yaworski and Mimi Markus Bridging the Gap, 8/e Brenda Smith

2. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman In this Chapter You Will Learn about:  What graphic illustrations do  How to read: –Diagrams –Tables –Maps –Graphs –Flowcharts

3. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman What Do Graphics Do?  Condense  Clarify  Convince

4. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Five Kinds of Graphic Illustrations  Diagrams  Tables  Maps  Graphs  Flowcharts

5. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman How to Read Graphic Material (Part 1)  Read the title to get an overview

6. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman How to Read Graphic Material (Part 2)  Look for footnotes and read italicized introductory material  Identify the who, where, and how  How and when were the data collected?

7. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman How to Read Graphic Material (Part 3)  Who collected the data?  How many persons were included in the survey?  Do the researchers seem to have been objective or biased?  Considering the above information, does the study seem valid?

8. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Diagrams  A diagram is an outline drawing or picture of an object or a process

9. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Tables  A table is a listing of facts and figures in columns and rows for quick and easy reference

10. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman How to Read a Table  First read the title for the topic  Then read the footnotes to judge the source  Next determine what each column represents and how they interact

11. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Maps Traditional Maps:  Show the location of cities, waterways, sites, and roads  Show differences in the physical terrain of specified areas  A modern map highlights special characteristics or population distribution of a particular area

12. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman How to Read a Map  Note the title, source, and date  Study the legend for meanings of symbols and shading

13. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Pie Graphs  A pie graph is a circle that is divided into wedge-shaped slices  The complete pie or circle represents a total, or 100 percent  Each slice is a percent or fraction of the whole

14. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Bar Graphs A Bar Graph is:  A series of horizontal or vertical bars in which the length of each bar represents a particular amount  A series of different items can be quickly compared by noting the different bar lengths

15. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Cumulative Bar Graph Cumulative bar graphs can be displayed to show a cumulative effect.  All segments add up to the top line or total amount  Groups are stacked on top of each other to show differences

16. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Line Graph A Line Graph is:  A continuous curve or frequency distribution in which numbers are plotted in an unbroken line  The horizontal scale measures one aspect of the data  The vertical line measures another aspect  As the data fluctuate, the line will change direction and will become very jagged

17. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Flow Charts Flow charts provide a diagram of the relationships and sequence of elements.  Key ideas and supporting ideas are stated in standard shapes such as boxes, ovals, and diamonds  Boxes are linked by arrows

18. © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Longman Visit the Longman English Pages Take a Road Trip to Wall Street! Be sure to visit the Graphics and Visual Aids module in your Reading Road Trip CD-ROM for multimedia tutorials, exercises, & tests.  http://www.ablongman.com/englishpages