1. CSC 8570 -- USI Class Meeting 5 September 21, 2010

2. Phrase Exercise Only 4 from the grammar had no meaning to anyone – drag and drag – move and drag – drag twice – move twice Conversely, either 6 or 7 experts (that’s you) agreed – Tap is described by one phrase commonly chosen from the grammar, but only one expert assigned it to tap – Double tap is described by 8 phrases from the grammar – Press and hold is described by 5 phrases from the grammar – Press and drag is described by 1 phrase from the grammar

3. Phrase Exercise (2) The two-finger interactions: The only phrase that most everyone attached to an action, and one of the actions was Pull together/Pull apart, was double press Conclusion: Describing actions in common terms is difficult and should proceed from the interface view to the user view, rather than the other direction.

4. Research Project Short presentation – One spokesperson – Five minutes – Hypotheses, variables, initial experimental design Questions and comments from the audience

5. Research Teams Aspen: Matt, Vince Aspen Bailey: Gerry, Vinay Conifer: Yi-Ling Durango: David Estes Park: Ivan

6. Research Project Issues Add to bibliography – goal is at least 15 references Design experiment Create experimental tools Complete IRB formIRB form Start writing first two sections Dates – IRB form finished no later than 10/5 – Progress Report 1 due 10/26

7. Summary of Some Ideas User goals Mental models GUEPs Cognitive dimensions

8. User Goals Based on last week’s discussion and other sources, here’s a list of user goals. Users want systems that: 1.Are powerful, meaning fast and efficient 2.Have proper functionality 3.Minimize the possibility for (tragic) errors 4.Allow easy recovery from misdirected actions 5.Are easily learned and easily relearned

9. User Goals (2) 6.Fit a cognitive model based on past experience 7.Are easy to maintain, including set up 8.Are flexible 9.Stimulate creative problem solving 10.Are personally satisfying

10. GUEPs and CDs GUEPs (Generative User Engineering Principles) GUEPs CDs (Cognitive Dimensions) CDs

11. Relating GUEPs and CDs Match the 14 cognitive dimensions to the 9 GUEPs looking for overlapping and orthogonal ideas. Summarize the results by creating a 14 by 9 array whose cell entries describe the relationship between the i th CD and the j th GUEP

12. Mental Models As theories: Constructed by humans Based on their world experience What they believe to be true about particular domains, devices, or systems

13. Mental Models As problems spaces Mental structures (ideas, concepts, virtual worlds) Contain possible states Searchable so that users can plan their behaviors (paths from one state to the next converging on a solution)

14. A Lengthy Example iPods at the ready What is your mental model of an iPod? – What do you believe to be true about an iPod? – How would you describe the problem space associated with an iPod?

15. iPod (2) What tasks do you want to accomplish with an iPod? Described in high level terms In a different context, “I want fresh tomatoes from my garden on my salad.” [No specifications about planting, tending, picking or preparing the tomatoes.]

16. iPod (3) What operators are available? Physical keys or widgets Virtual widgets on the interface

17. iPod (4) What notation do we use for widget interaction? Do we need to expand Card & Moran or Raskin & Beck?

18. iPod (3) Preparing for task analysis Tasks vs. goals Hierarchical task analysis vs. GOMS ConcurTaskTrees – http://giove.cnuce.cnr.it/ctte.html

19. ConcurTaskTrees Task Types TypeActionExample User No system interaction Read a message AbstractionComplex User session Application No user interaction Perform a database query Interaction User and system together Click a button

20. ConcurTaskTrees Operators Temporal Operators IconDescriptionSyntax []Choice T1 [] T2 |=| Order Independency T1 |=| T2 |||Concurrent T1 ||| T2 |[ ]| Concurrent with information exchange T1 |[ ]| T2 [>Disabling T1 [> T2 |>Suspend/Resume T1 |> T2 >>Enabling T1 >> T2 [] >> Enabling with information exchange T1 [] >> T2 T1Connection [ T1 ] Optional [ ] [ ] T1 * Iterative * SyntaxDescriptionIcon Unary Operators

21. Synthesizing Edge and Blackwell Referring to your concept map: What is its structure? What is its shape? What is its top-level concept?

22. Leave Behind Concept map of the Edge and Blackwell paper

23. Next Time Remember that “next time” is October 5 Continue work on research project, completing experimental material and IRB form Catch up on reading

24. Research Team Meetings