1. Basic Concepts of Democracy Chapter 1 Section 3 Pages 18-23

2. Worth of the Individual Balance between individual freedom and needs of all the people in society Balance between individual freedom and needs of all the people in society Declaration of Independence Declaration of Independence Universal Declaration of Human Rights Universal Declaration of Human Rights

3. Equality of All Persons Equality of opportunity and equality under the law Equality of opportunity and equality under the law What is “equality of opportunity?” What is “equality of opportunity?” Why does the text dismiss the idea of “material equality” so quickly? Why does the text dismiss the idea of “material equality” so quickly? Do ”worldly goods” sometimes help “opportunity?” Do ”worldly goods” sometimes help “opportunity?”

4. Majority Rule, Minority Rights Majority rule restrained by minority rights Majority rule restrained by minority rights EX: public breastfeeding/civil unions are “minority rights.” EX: public breastfeeding/civil unions are “minority rights.” Why do democracies protect the rights of the minority? Why do democracies protect the rights of the minority?

5. How are minority rights protected in a “majority rules” system? CIVIL RIGHTS AND THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965 AS A CASE STUDY CIVIL RIGHTS AND THE VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965 AS A CASE STUDY

6. How are minority rights protected in “majority rule” system?

7. 1) Public Pressure/Civil Disobedience

8. Branches of government: Legislative Branch (Congress) Voting Rights Act of 1965

9. The Executive (President) Lyndon Johnson with MLK, after Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act of 1965

10. Why was the Voting Rights Act of 1965 necessary? Southern post- Reconstruction (> 1877) Southern post- Reconstruction (> 1877) governments devised loopholes to keep African-Americans from voting: governments devised loopholes to keep African-Americans from voting: Literacy tests /constitutional tests Literacy tests /constitutional tests Poll taxes Poll taxes

11. It all began with Freedom Summer 1964 Northern white liberals joined southern blacks to register black voters. Northern white liberals joined southern blacks to register black voters.

12. It was difficult and dangerous and people lost their lives to register black voters Schwerner Schwerner Chaney Chaney Goodman Goodman

13. Edgar Ray Killen: convicted years later

15. An example of the failure to protect minority rights 1943: Internment camp Heart Mountain, WY

16. Necessity of Compromise Our representatives must compromise to get legislation passed Our representatives must compromise to get legislation passed EX: Civil Rights Act of 1964 /Voting Rights Act of 1965  Describe a recent failure at compromise in Congress President Johnson “working the phones”

17. Individual Freedom Not absolute but balanced with rights of the majority Not absolute but balanced with rights of the majority EX: Tinker v Des Moines (1969) EX: Tinker v Des Moines (1969)

18. Economic Freedom: The Free Enterprise System Private ownership of land and business Private ownership of land and business Success or failure determined by competition in the marketplace Success or failure determined by competition in the marketplace In reality, heavily regulated by the government and much of the market is controlled by big business In reality, heavily regulated by the government and much of the market is controlled by big business