1. Overview – HOT Site Hawaii Ocean Time-series “HOT” Site –3 Stations: Kahe, Kaena & ALOHA –monthly cruises for 15 years –ALOHA Station 100km N of Oahu

2. MARS Ocean Observatory Network (MOON) Major Components –Seafloor sensor suite & junction box –Subsurface float at ~200m depth with sensor suite and junction box –Mooring profiler with sensor suite that can “dock” with the float for battery charging, data download and command upload –1000m electro-optical mooring cable Features –Cable connection provides high power and real-time communications –Enables adaptive sampling –ROV servicing and installation of sensors

3. User Requirements Provide water column current profiling for entire water column Near continuous in-situ profiling from near surface to seafloor with CTDO, ACM, optics, Profiler rate of advance to allow 1 sampling cycle per tidal half cycle (6 hours) Profiler charging time (in dock) must be less than 6 hrs Profiler duty cycle must be greater than 90% Profiler sampling rate and profiling depth range must be controllable Provide extra Science User Connectors with “standard” power and data interface on float and seafloor Provide real-time, high bandwidth communication for Science User instruments

4. System Requirements Compatible with MARS power and data interfaces Provide 12Vdc (?), 48Vdc and 400Vdc (?) power and 10/100BaseT communications at Science User Connectors Provide connection method for standard RS-232 sensors ROV serviceable j-boxes Operational life of > 2 years Located > 2 km from MARS node to allow ROV access to MARS node and instruments

5. Goals Provide video at Float and Seafloor J-boxes and on still camera Profiler Profiler mountable/removable by ROV Profiler rate of 40 cm/sec (standard is 25 cm/sec)

6. Block Diagram: MOON – Seafloor J-box

7. Block Diagram: Float – Profiler

8. Junction Boxes – Float & Seafloor On Seafloor near Anchor & on Float 4 User Connectors Data Communications 10/100BaseT RS-232/422 (?) Power - ~200W total 400 Vdc (? no large or remote loads) 48 Vdc 12 Vdc (? probably more common) SIIM with 2 x CTDO Optics – transmissometer, fluorometer, CDOM, other (?) ADCP (on Float) Video on Float and Seafloor (goal)

9. Junction Box – Float & Seafloor

10. Junction Boxes – Float & Seafloor Inherited from NEPTUNE/MARS development Node Controller hardware and software Shore power control and monitoring, archiving, GUI Load control – switching, over current, ground fault DC-DC converters ROV mateable connectors New Development Small Ethernet switch Ethernet – RS-232 conversion Ethernet electrical-optical conversion

11. Observatory – Instrument Interface Embedded Device Servers - 10/100BaseT Ethernet - Multiple RS-232 ports - Memory space for metadata/embedded website - TCP, UDP, SNMP, DHCP, etc. - Auxiliary I/O lines …….or could have multi-port serial hub in the J-Box and use serial through the User Science Connectors

12. Observatory – Instrument Interface Examples

13. Electrical-Optical Conversion ROV mateable electro-optical connectors very expensive (~$20k) and not likely to be used extensively on observatories for instrument connection ROV mateable electrical connectors are lower cost (~$2k) and will be used on MARS, VENUS and ALOHA Fiber optic cables are required for data transmission > 100m Transmission distances up to 100 km COTS ethernet electrical-optical converter available for operation in 10kpsi oil (~$2k)

14. Electrical-Optical Conversion Allows use of standard ROV connector with copper conductors for Ethernet communications over long distances Cost significantly less than E-O hybrid connector

15. McLane Mooring Profiler 6000m depth rating Trajectory and sampling schedule programmable pre-deployment Resistant to cable fouling 1 M meters of travel per battery charge Standard sensors CTD 4 axis Acoustic Current Meter (ACM) ~40 units sold

16. McLane Mooring Profiler Modifications New motor, gearbox, wheel re-design to fit larger EOM cable (~18mm) Mount 2nd CTD, optical sensors Interface AOM controller to their modem port to offload data after every profile Replace primary Li batteries with rechargeable Li-Ion Plan to use existing McLane housing (17.5” & 22.5” std lengths) Modify cable mounts & retainer for ROV servicing (goal) Profiling rate will be set by gearbox – not controllable – 25 cm/s (std), 40cm/s (goal) Need to decide on profiling and charging times (4 days/4 hours looks achievable with reasonable size battery packs.)

17. Float/Dock Configuration

18. Inductive Coupler Guide (attached to Float) Primary Core Compliant Mount Secondary Core Secondary Guide Charger Cable From S&K Engineering, Inc. Concerns: - biofouling - robustness - holding profiler in place during charging

19. Inductive Coupler Guide (attached to Float) Primary Core Secondary Core Guide Mooring cable Secondary Core Angled core interface From S&K Engineering, Inc.

20. Power Budget Estimate Seafloor J-box Infrastructure 50 W Seafloor J-Box Guest Sensors250 W Anchor Sensors 35 W Sediment Trap Mooring (K. Smith) 50 W Float Infrastructure 50 W Float Sensors 40 W Float J-Box Guest Sensors250 W Float Battery Trickle Charging 5 W Conversion and Transmission Loss 100 W ALOHA Supply800 W

21. Sensors Float - ADCP (w/tilt, heading ?) - CTDO – Dual - Transmissometer - CDOM - Other optics ? - Video/lights - Argos transmitter ? - Light ? - Acoustic Transponder ? - Engineering Sensors - Tilt - Heading - Mooring cable load cell ? Anchor - CTDO – Dual - Precision depth recorder ? - Transmissometer - CDOM - Other optics ? - Video/lights ? Profiler - Stock sensors CTDO – Dual ACM - Transmissometer - CDOM - Other optics ? - Video/still camera/lights ?

22. Schedule 03CY2004CY2005CY2006 Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4Q1Q2Q3Q4 Preliminary Design Design Review Detail Design Procure & Fabricate Assembly Shop Test Puget Sound Test VENUS Deployment VENUS Recovery Critical Design Review Final Procurement - Redesign ALOHA Deployment ALOHA Maintenance ALOHA Recovery (?)

23. Outstanding Issues Need ALOHA Interface specs Float depth of 200m – want to get below light (biology) & surface waves Fishbite protection on the mooring wire would add a layer to the cable and complicate profiler movement. Do we need it? Use “standard” Observatory ROV mateable connectors and instrument interface Need good precision survey of site – water depth of mooring site