1. Simple and Progressive
Present and Past;
Simple and Progressive

2. Exercise 1.page 13 Correct the errors in verb forms.
2. I’m not knowing Sam’s wife.
3. My roommate usually watch television, listen to music, or going out in the evening.
4. When I turned the key, the car was starting.
5. Air is consisting of oxygen, nitrogen, and other gases.
2. I don’t know Sam’s wife.
3. My roommate usually watches television, listens to music, or goes out in the evening.
4. When I turned the key, the car started.
5. Air consists of oxygen, nitrogen, and other gases.

3. Cont…Exercise 1.page 13
6. The children drawed some pictures in school this morning.
7. Right now Sally in the kitchen eating breakfast.
8. While I’m driving home last night, I heared a strange noise in the engine.
9. A: What you are talking about?
B: I talking about the political situation in my country.
6. The children drew some pictures in school this morning.
7. Right now Sally is in the kitchen eating breakfast.
8. While I was driving home last night, I heard a strange noise in the engine.
9. A: What are you talking about?
B: I am talking about the political situation in my country.

4. Exercise 2. Warm-up. (page 13)
Part I. Read each sentence and circle yes or no. If the information is not true, restate it. 1. I read a newspaper every day. Yes/No 2. I am sitting next to someone from Asia. Yes/No 3. The sun revolves around the earth. Yes/No Part II. Answer the questions. 4. Which sentence discusses a general truth? 5. Which sentence talks about a daily habit? 6. Which sentence talks about something that is happening right now?

5. The present simple
Animals give us milk and meat. Computers save us a lot of time and effort. The present simple is used to talk about situations that aren’t connected to time and always true(in the past, now and in the future), it’s an all time tense or timeless. It’s also used to express general truths. Give similar examples.

6. Cont…The present simple
I take a shower every morning. I get up early. My watch keeps good time. I watch television most weekends. The present simple is used to express habitual and repeated actions. Give similar examples.

7. Cont…The present simple
In this book, the author describes how to stay healthy. He also talks about keeping fit. The present simple is often used in summaries, such as book or film reviews. Give similar examples.

8. Cont…The present simple
I work at sports shop. (It’s a permanent job) They live in a very nice flat. The present simple is used for a routine or situation that we see as permanent. I always make silly mistakes in exams. (=I make silly mistakes in every exam) Always with the present simple means ‘every time’

9. Cont…The present simple
I think the weather is so hot today. I like it. Why don’t we go out? We use the present simple in thoughts and feelings and in negative questions with why to make a suggestion. Give similar examples.

10. Cont…The present simple
I promise I’ll visit you. I totally agree with you. The new term starts next week. The present simple is used in phrases like I promise, I agree, etc. Give similar examples.

11. Cont…The present simple
Note:
In the present simple we use the verb without an ending
You know the answer.
Most children like ice-cream.
But with the third person singular(after he, she, it) the verb ends in s or es
It gets cold in winter.
Mona catches the early train.
(after s, sh, ch, o and x we add es)
(passes, washes, catches, goes, mixes)

12. The present progressive (continuous)
I’m reading a book on wild animals. The present progressive describes what is happening now(at the time of speaking) or in the extended present. Give similar examples.

13. Cont…The present progressive
I’m working at a sports shop for six weeks.
At the moment they are living in a very small flat.
The present progressive is also used for a routine or situation that we see as temporary(for a short period)
Give similar examples.

14. Cont…The present progressive
I’m always making silly mistakes.(= I make silly mistakes too often) We can use always with the present progressive to mean ‘very/too often’ or to express a negative reaction or situation as in: He’s always asking silly questions. I wish he’d stop. Give similar examples.

15. Exercise 4. (page 15)
Complete the sentences with the simple present or the present progressive form of the verbs in parentheses.
2. Kristin (wash) ___ her hair every other day or so.
3. Tony (sit, usually)____in the front row during class, but today he (sit) ____ in the last row.
4. Please be quiet. I (try) .______ to concentrate.
2. Washes usually sits . . .is sitting am trying

16. Cont…Exercise 4. (page 15)
5. (you, lock, always) ________the door to your apartment when you leave?
6. I wrote to my friend last week. She hasn’t answered my letter yet. I (wait, still)
____ for a reply.
7. After six days of rain, I’m glad that the sun (shine) _____ today.
8. Every morning, the sun (shine) _____ in my bedroom window and (wake) ____ me up.
5. Do you always lock am still waiting is shining shines wakes

17. Exercise 7. Warm-up. (page 15)
Choose the correct completions. 1. The chef is in his kitchen right now. He _______ a. cooks b. is cooking 2. He _______some soup. a. tastes b. is tasting 3. It _______ too salty. a. tastes b. is tasting 4. He _______ it. a. doesn’t like b. isn’t liking

18. State verbs and action verbs
STATES( Stative /non-action verbs) A state means something staying the same The flat is clean. The farmer owns the land. The box contained old books. State verbs cannot usually be progressive. NOT The farmer is owning the land.

19. Cont… State verbs and action verbs
ACTIONS An action means something happening. I’m cleaning the flat. The farmer is buying the land. Action verbs can be simple or progressive. He put the books in the box. He was putting everything away.

20. See your book page 16. Some state verbs consist of believe be deserve
depend on
contain
know
hate
exist
matter
love
like
need
own
mean
resemble
remember
prefer
understand
seem
See your book page 16.

21. STATES (simple tenses) ACTIONS(simple or progressive)
State or action ? Sometimes we can use a verb either for a state or for an action.
STATES (simple tenses)
I think you’re right.(=believe)
We have three cars.(=own)
I come from Palestine(=live)
I see your problem.(=understand)
Do you see that house?(=have in sight)
This picture looks nice.
She appears very nervous.(=seems)
The bag weighs five kilos.
The coat fits.(=is the right size)
ACTIONS(simple or progressive)
I’m thinking about the problem.
We’re having lunch.(= eating)
I’m coming from Palestine. (=travelling
I usually come on the plan.
Ali is seeing the doctor. (=meeting)
I see Ali quite often.
I’m looking at his picture.
She appeared/was appearing in a film.
They weighed/were weighing my bag.
I’m fitting a lock to the window.

22. Exercise 8. Let’s talk. (page 17)
Discuss the differences in meaning of the italicized verbs in each group of sentences. 1. a. These flowers smell good, b. James is smelling the flowers. 2. a. I think Roberto is a kind man. b. I am thinking about this exercise. 3. a. I see a butterfly. Do you see it too? b. Alex is seeing a doctor about his headaches. c. Jack and Ann are seeing each other. They go out together every weekend. 4. a. Astrid looks cold. I ’ll lend her my coat, b. Tina is looking out the window. She sees a butterfly.

23. Cont…Exercise 8. Let’s talk. (page 17)
5. a. Sue is feeling the cat’s fur. b. The cat’s fur feels soft. c. I m not feeling well today. d. I feel that it is important to respect other people’s opinions. 6. a. I remember my first teacher. Do you remember yours? b. Aunt Sara is looking through an old picture album. She is remembering the wonderful days of her childhood. 7. a. The children want a snack. They’re hungry, b. Like many kids, our children are often quite noisy when they play. They’re playing right now in the next room. Hmmm. They’re being awfully quiet. What do you suppose they’re doing? 8. a. Our son is appearing in a school play this week, b. The grocer is weighing the bananas. He appears to be busy.

24. The verb ‘be’
Look at these examples with the verb be about how people behave. Permanent Quality Ali is very sociable person. That man is an idiot. Temporary Behavior Mona is being very sociable today. You are being an idiot this morning.(= You’re behaving like an idiot) We use am/are/is being only to talk about behavior, not about other things. I’m better now, thanks. Are you ready? Is anyone interested?

25. I like/ I’m liking etc
We can use some state verbs in the progressive to talk about a short period of time. Permanent State (simple present) I love/enjoy parties. I like school. Holidays cost a lot of money. Short Period (Progressive) I’m loving/enjoying this party. I’m liking school better much now. This trip is costing me a lot of money. Sometimes we can use either the simple or the progressive with no difference in meaning. You look well, OR You’re looking well. We feel a bit sad, OR We’re feeling a bit sad.

26. Exercise 9. (page 17) Choose the correct completions.
1. This isn’t my notebook. It _______to Mai.
a.) belongs b. is belonging
2. Ask Ahmed for your notebook. He _______it.
a. has b. is having
3. Your notebook is over there. Ahmed _______it.
a. holds b. is holding
4. Look at Olga. She’s smiling and dancing. She _______a good time.
a. has b. is having
5. Relax. You don’t have to tell me any more about it. I _______you.
a. believe b. am believing
6. Dinosaurs became extinct a long time ago. They _______anymore.
don’t exist b. aren’t existing
2. a b b a a

27. □ Exercise 10. (page 17)
Complete the sentences. Use the simple present or the present progressive of the verbs in parentheses.
1. Look. It (begin) ____ to rain. Unfortunately, I (have, not*)_____my umbrella with me. I (own, not) ____ an umbrella. Spiro is lucky. He (wear) ____ a raincoat. I (wear) ____a waterproof hat on rainy days.
2. Right now Martha is in the science building. The chemistry experiment she (do) ____ is dangerous, so she (be) _____very careful. She (want, not) ____ to spill any of the acid. She (be, always) ._____ careful when
she does a chemistry experiment.
1. is beginning don’t have don’t own is wearing wear
2. is doing is being doesn’t want is always

28. Cont…□ Exercise 10. (page 17)
3. Right now I (look) _____ at Nicole. She (look) _______ angry. I wonder what’s the matter. She (have) ______ a frown on her face. She certainly (have, not) _____ any fun right now.
4. A: How (you, like) ______ the soup? (it, need) ______ more garlic?
B: No, it (taste) ______ delicious. It (remind) ______ me of my grandmother’s soup.
3. am looking looks has isn’t having 4. A: do you like Does it need B: tastes reminds

29. Cont…□ Exercise 10. (page 17)
5. A: What (you, look) _____ at?
B: You! You (look) _____ like your father.
A: (you, think) ______ so? Many people tell me I (resemble) _____ my mother.
B: I (see) _____ your father’s face when I look at you.
6. Right now I (look) ____ around the classroom. Yoko (write) ____ in her book. Carlos (bite) _____ his pencil.
Wan-Ning (scratch) ____ his head. Ali (stare) ____ out the window. He (seem) ____ to be daydreaming, but perhaps he
(think) ____ hard about verb tenses. What (you, think) ____Ali (do) ____?
5. A: are you looking B: look A: Do you think resemble B: see 6. am looking is writing is biting is scratching is staring seems is thinking do you think is doing

30. Regular Verbs: Pronunciation of - ed Endings
Final -ed has three different pronunciations: /t/, /d/, and /əd/. The schwa /ə/ is an unstressed vowel sound. It is pronounced like a in alone in normal, rapid speech (e.g., She lives alone.).

31. Final -ed is pronounced /t/ after voiceless sounds
Final -ed is pronounced /t/ after voiceless sounds. Voiceless sounds are made by pushing air through your mouth; no sound comes from your throat. Examples of voiceless sounds: “k,” “p,” “s," “ch,” “sh," “f.”
(a)
looked -look/t/
clapped - c lap /t/
missed -miss/t/
watched -watch/t/
finished - finish/t/
laughed -laugh/t/

32. Final -ed is pronounced /d/ after voiced sounds
Final -ed is pronounced /d/ after voiced sounds. Voiced sounds come from your throat. If you touch your neck when you make a voiced sound, you can feel your voice box vibrate. Examples of voiced sounds: “l," “v,” “n,” “b,” and all vowel sounds.
(b)
smelled - smell/d/
saved - save/d/
cleaned - clean/d/
robbed - rob/d/
played - play/d/

33. Final -ed is pronounced /əd/ after “t” and “d” sounds
Final -ed is pronounced /əd/ after “t” and “d” sounds. The sound /əd / adds a whole syllable to a word. compare: looked = one syllable - look/t/ smelled = one syllable - smell/d/ needed = two syllables - need/əd/
(c)
decided - decide/əd/
needed - need/əd/
wanted - want/əd/
invited - invite/əd/

34. Exercise 23, p. 28 /Əd/ /d/ /t/ accepted needed requested believed
complained
died
played
rained
worried
chased
fixed
missed
pushed
thanked
worked

35. Exercise 24 (page 28) Practice pronouncing the - e d endings.
__ surfed the internet
__ translated some words
__ added some numbers
__ cleaned my room
__ listened to music
__ washed clothes
__ typed an
__ worked on a computer
__ exercised
__ talked on the phone
__combed my hair
__ brushed my teeth
__ cooked breakfast
__ waited for a bus
__ walked to school

36. Exercise 25, p. 28.
1. Rita stood under a tree when it began to rain. 2. Rita was standing under a tree when it began to rain.

37. Simple Past
&
Past progressive
Refer to your book page 29

38. Exercise 26. Let’s talk. (page 29)
Choose the question or statement you would expect the speaker to say. Discuss your answers. Work in pairs, in small groups, or as a class.
1. When I went to bed late last night, I noticed that the light was on in your bedroom,
a. Were you reading? b. Did you read?
2. Jane’s cousin was at the party last night.
a. Were you meeting him? b. Did you meet him?
1. a b

39. Cont…Exercise 26. Let’s talk. (page 29)
3. A small airplane flew over our house several times last night.
a. We were sitting out on the patio, and it made us nervous.
b. We sat out on the patio, and it made us nervous.
4. I’m not sure if I met Carol Jones at the party last night. Describe her for me.
What was she wearing? b. What did she wear?
3. a b

40. Exercise 27, p.30
Complete the sentences. Use the simple past or the past progressive of the verbs in parentheses
2. I (call) ____ Roger at nine last night, but he (be, not) ________at home. He (study) ________ at the library.
3. I (hear, not) _______ the thunder during the storm last night because I (sleep) ________ .
4. It was beautiful yesterday when we went for a walk in the park. The sun (shine) _______ . A cool breeze (blow) ______ .The birds (sing)_______.
2. called wasn’t was studying didn’t hear was sleeping was shining was blowing were singing

41. Cont…Exercise 27, p.30
5. My brother and sister (argue) _____ about something when I (walk) _____ into the room.
6. I got a package in the mail. When I (open) _______ it, I (find) ______ a surprise.
7. While Mrs. Emerson (read) ____ the little boy a story, he (fall) _____ asleep, so she (close) ____ the book and quietly (sneak) _____ out of the room.
5. were arguing walked opened found was reading fell .. . closed sneaked/snuck

42. Cont…Exercise 27, p.30
8. A: (you, hear) _______ what the teacher just said?
B: No, I {listen, not) ______ . I (think) ______ about something else.
9. I really enjoyed my last vacation. While it (snow) ______ in Iowa, the sun (shine) ______in Florida. While you (shovel) ______ snow in Iowa all last week, I (lie) _____on a beach in Florida.
8. A: Did you hear B: wasn’t listening was thinking was snowing was shining were shoveling . . .was lying

43. Exercise 28 (page 31 ) 1. call, wait
Complete the sentences with the given verbs and the words in parentheses. Use the simple past or the past progressive.
1. call, wait
A: Why weren’t you at the meeting?
B: I ______ for an overseas call from my family.
A: (they)__________________________?
B: Yes. It was wonderful to hear from them.
2. break, cross, slip
A: How (you) ______your arm?
B: I _____on the ice while
I _____ the street in front of the dorm.
1. A: was waiting B: Did they call A: did you break B: slipped was crossing

44. Cont…Exercise 28 (page 31 ) 3. find, look, park
A: You’re late again! You were supposed to be here ten minutes ago. Where were you?
B: I _______ for a place to park.
A: (you) ______ one?
B: Well, yes and no. I _______ my car illegally.
4. ask, decide, look, see, work
A: How did it go? (you)_____ the manager for a raise when you _____ her yesterday?
B: No, she ___ on a big presentation for next week. She_______ pretty busy. I _________ to wait until later.
3. B: was looking A: Did you find B: parked 4. A: Did you ask saw B: was working looked . . decide

45. Cont…Exercise 28 (page 31 ) 5. drive, get, happen, keep, pay, see
A: I had a bad day yesterday.
B: Oh? What _____
A: I ______ a traffic ticket.
B: Really? That’s too bad. What was it for?
A: For running a red light. I _______ home and (not) _______ attention to the road. I (not) ____the red light and just _____ driving.
5. B: happened A: got. . . was driving wasn’t paying didn’t see kept

46. Exercise 33. (page 33)
Check ( / ) the sentences that are correct. What do you notice about the use of always with verb tenses in these sentences?
1. __ Nadia is always talking on the phone when I’m trying to study.
2. __ Frank always studies in the library after school.
3. __ My friends always do their homework together.
4. __ Our math teacher is always giving us surprise quizzes.
All the sentences are correct. Always can also be used with the present progressive.

47. Using Progressive Verbs with Always Refer to your book page 33

48. Exercise 36. Warm-up. (page 33)
Read the two short dialogues. What do you notice about the word order? How is the focus different?
1. A: What was Hans doing when you arrived?
B: He was reading a book in bed.
2. A: Where was Hans when you arrived?
B: He was in bed reading a book.
In A, the focus is on the activity. In B, the focus is on the place.

49. Using Expressions of Place with Progressive Verbs Refer to Your Book page 33

50. Exercise 37, p. 34 3. watch TV\ in his bedroom
Use the given verbs and expressions of place to complete the dialogues. Use usual word order if the focus is on an activity in progress. If the focus is on the person’s location, put the expression of place between be and the -ing verb.
3. watch TV\ in his bedroom
A: Where was Jim when you got home?
B: He was ________________________________
4. watch TV \ in his bedroom
A: What was Jim doing when you got home?
B: He was _________________________________
5. take a nap \ on the couch in the living room
A: What’s Kurt doing?
B: He’s _____________________________________
3. in his bedroom watching TV watching TV in his bedroom taking a nap on the couch in the living room.

51. Exercise 37, p. 34 6. take a nap \ on the couch in the living room
A: Where’s Kurt?
B: He’s _______________________
7. attend a conference \ in Singapore
A: Where’s Ms. Chang this week?
B: She’s _______________________
6. on the couch in the living room taking a nap attending a conference in Singapore.

52. Exercise 38, p.35
Correct the errors.
1. Breakfast is an important meal. I’m always eating breakfast.
2. While I was working in my office yesterday, my cousin stops by to visit me.
1. Breakfast is an important meal. I always eat breakfast.
2. While I was working in my office yesterday, my cousin stopped by to visit me.

53. Exercise 38, p.35 3. Yuki staied home because she catched a bad cold.
4. My brother is looks like our father, but I am resembling my mother.
3. Yuki stayed home because she caught a bad cold.
4. My brother looks like our father, but I resemble my mother.

54. 5. Jun, are you listen to me? I am talk to you!
6. While I was surfing the internet yesterday, I was finding a really interesting Web site.
5. Jun, are you listening to me? I am talking to you!
6. While I was surfing the internet yesterday, I found a really interesting Web site.

55. 7. Did you spoke English before you were come here?
8. Yesterday, while I was working at my computer, Shelley was suddenly coming into the
room. I wasn’t knowing she was there. I was concentrate hard on my work. When she
suddenly speak, I am jump. She startle me.
7. Did you speak English before you came here?
8. Yesterday, while I was working at my computer, Shelley suddenly came into the room. I didn’t know she was there. I was concentrating hard on my work. When she suddenly spoke, I jumped. She startled me.