1. Red and Black (Scarlet and Black) ----Stendhal

2. About Stendhal Stendhal was the pen name of Henri Marie Beyle ( 亨利. 贝尔 ), born in Grenoble ( 格勒诺 布尔市 ) on January 23, 1783. He came from a solidly middle-class family; his father was a barrister and his mother was the daughter of a physician. His mother died when he was seven, and he grew to adore her memory and hate what his father represented to him—bourgeois( 庸俗的 ) manners and the pursuit of money. Feeling trapped in his home, the boy developed a vivid imagination and a taste for daydreaming.

3. Stendhal’s experience(1) At the age of 17, Stendhal went to Paris and soon joined Napoleon's army in Italy. He enjoyed a number of romantic liaisons. After Napoleon's defeat, Stendhal left for Italy and settled in Milan. He began to write books about art and music, and first used the name "Stendhal” in 1817. He returned to Paris in 1821 and he wrote a number of books in the next several years. He was appointed Consul ( 执政官 )to Trieste after the 1830 revolution, and was soon sent to the town outside Rome.

4. Stendhal’s experience(2) Stendhal began to write"Red and Black"in1829,and finished in 1830. In 1836, he returned to Paris because of ill. Stendhal‘s health began to deteriorate( 恶化 ) sharply in early 1841, when he suffered an attack of apoplexy( 中 风 ) 。 He died of a stroke on March 23, 1842. During his lifetime, his fiction was little appreciated. It was many years before critics recognized Stendhal's works as worthy enough to set beside those of Balzac and Gustave Flaubert.

5. Plot Summary During this period, he became Mrs de Renal’s lover. As the love story brought to light, he was forced to leave Victoria to the provincial capital city of Egypt, and went to Seminary( 贝拉 松神学院 ) to study theology. Julien Sorel was born in a peasant family. He was thin but handsome, talented, and ambitious. Julien realized that only through the Church can be among the upper class. He was proficient （精通） in Latin, So he became the tutor of Mr de Renal’s children's; He later was recommended by the priests Pirard to be the Secretary of The Marquis de La Mole.The Marquis's daughter, Mathilde,fell in love with Julien. While he was prepared to marry daughter. Mrs de Renal’s letter made Julien’s whistle-blowers all come to naught. Finally, Julian was sent to the guillotine, ending his short life.

6. the Black, Stendhal paints a sweeping portrait of early nineteenth-century. He paints a lively, satirical picture of French Restoration society after Waterloo, riddled with corruption, greed, and ennui

7. The “Red” and “Black”dominate French society in the years following the Revolution. "Red" refers to the French soldiers in red uniforms, on behalf of the bourgeois revolutionary forces; “Black" refers to the period of restoration of the monks in black, on behalf of the Church of the feudal forces. The title itself implies that the two opposing camps of acute conflict

8. Julien(1) Throughout the novel, the story of Napoleon is central to Julien‘s idea of himself as a man who can aspire( 渴望 ) to success despite his low birth. He draws almost all of his ideas, and many of his feelings from Napoleon.

9. Julien(2) Julien was born in a poor family,but he was unwilling to be a plain person. He also had strong self-respect. He has great ambition.He tried to seek success and happiness.This also reflects Standhal’s own opinion----indivualism.

10. Julien(3) Although Julien is indisputably ( 无可争辩地 ) the novel's central character, whether we should see him as a hero or not is an open question. At the end of the novel, Stendhal places us in the same position as the jury at Julien's trial, in effect asking us to evaluate Julien and compare our verdict with the court's.

11. The author’s attitude Beyond the figure of Julien himself, Stendhal's presentation of a social world frequently dominated by lying, cheating, and stealing offers a hint of the author's possible intentions. In the course of the novel it is clear that the provinces, the seminaries, and the city are fundamentally alike in the types of behavior they breed and frequently reward. This novel ends appropriately with Stendhal's dedication of the novel "To the happy life".We are left to determine the identity of the “happy“, and whether we count Julien—and ourselves— among them.

12. ----LiuXiu