1. Grainne Collins A Dublin for Families? Dr Gráinne Collins Employment Research Centre Trinity College Dublin

2. Grainne Collins To answer the question Need to know how the following interact Need to know how the following interact Work organization change Work organization change Demographic and family structure change Demographic and family structure change Spatial changes (where do people live and work and how do they move between spaces) Spatial changes (where do people live and work and how do they move between spaces) Often been a concentration on only one aspect and not on interaction Often been a concentration on only one aspect and not on interaction

3. Grainne Collins Research No time-use statistics for Ireland No time-use statistics for Ireland To answer the question ‘is Dublin family Friendly?’ we have to use a ‘patchwork’ of different research To answer the question ‘is Dublin family Friendly?’ we have to use a ‘patchwork’ of different research Census Census Surveys of families Surveys of families Equality audits and surveys of companies Equality audits and surveys of companies

4. Grainne Collins Men and their Families (1) Work* by Margret Fine Davies (TCD) shows that Dublin fathers spend a lot of hours away from their families in comparison to other European fathers. Work* by Margret Fine Davies (TCD) shows that Dublin fathers spend a lot of hours away from their families in comparison to other European fathers. Why? Why? Commute + working hours=long hours away from children Commute + working hours=long hours away from children Women solved the problem by working closer to home Women solved the problem by working closer to home * Small sample size

5. Grainne Collins Men and their Families (2) An equality audit by myself and Josephine Browne shows that: An equality audit by myself and Josephine Browne shows that: younger fathers are more likely to have working partners than their older counterparts. This means that they are less geographically or temporarily flexible as men once were and are ‘time-stressed’ younger fathers are more likely to have working partners than their older counterparts. This means that they are less geographically or temporarily flexible as men once were and are ‘time-stressed’

6. Grainne Collins Gender Pay Gap Women continue to earn less than men because: Women continue to earn less than men because: Women and men are in different sectors Women and men are in different sectors Women are less likely to do overtime and more likely to take advantage of family flexible working ( Women are less likely to do overtime and more likely to take advantage of family flexible working (Indecon, 2002)

7. Grainne Collins Work in the ‘New Economy’ Research by Lidia Greco (TCD)* Research by Lidia Greco (TCD)* ICT sector is gendered (women find it hard to ‘fit in’, organisations are ‘time-greedy’, project work is ‘bulimic’ ) ICT sector is gendered (women find it hard to ‘fit in’, organisations are ‘time-greedy’, project work is ‘bulimic’ ) And un-family friendly (men and women say they will only work in IT until they have children). And un-family friendly (men and women say they will only work in IT until they have children). * also similar findings by Pascal Preston at DCU

8. Grainne Collins Gentrification and suburbanisation Certain areas of the city have experienced a renaissance Certain areas of the city have experienced a renaissance Analysis of the census shows that once ‘education poor’ areas now have lots of people with degrees Analysis of the census shows that once ‘education poor’ areas now have lots of people with degrees But these educated people don’t have children But these educated people don’t have children Children are in families that don’t have degrees Children are in families that don’t have degrees

9. Grainne Collins From patchwork to consistent story Educated couples move to the suburbs when they have children Educated couples move to the suburbs when they have children Women ‘down shift’ (less stressful job closer to home, maybe part-time) Women ‘down shift’ (less stressful job closer to home, maybe part-time) Men continue to commute Men continue to commute This results in This results in Women losing income Women losing income Men losing time with their children Men losing time with their children Poor areas losing educated residents Poor areas losing educated residents The economy losing vital resources The economy losing vital resources

10. Grainne Collins Is Dublin family-friendly? Spatial changes have tackled many of the old inequalities Spatial changes have tackled many of the old inequalities However they have not caught up with the new work organisational changes and the new families However they have not caught up with the new work organisational changes and the new families

11. Grainne Collins The challenge for City-Regions The new challenge is not just to be women friendly but to be also parent and family friendly. The new challenge is not just to be women friendly but to be also parent and family friendly. First step is recognising families and work has changed First step is recognising families and work has changed Build ‘family’ homes close to work Build ‘family’ homes close to work Locate work close to families Locate work close to families Reduce commuting times Reduce commuting times