1. The Home Energy Station - More than a distributed Hydrogen refueling solution Dr. Jim Winkelman Plug Power Inc. International Conference on Automotive Technology November 13-14, 2008 Istanbul, Turkey

2. Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure –Gasoline/Diesel –Electricity –Natural Gas The Energy Distribution System in North America Consists of Primarily Three Networks

3. Hydrogen Infrastructure Multiple manufacturing paths for Hydrogen Natural gas - Reforming Electricity – Electrolysis (solar, wind, nuclear, …) Hydrogen Refueling Station Fuel Cell Vehicle

4. Family Energy Needs Residential Transportation Home Energy Station

5. Design Concept Home-size combined system, which provides Hydrogen to FCV while supplying Electricity and Heat to household

6. Specifications Specification Natural Gas Start Up Time Filling Pressure Max Power Output Efficiency 50 35 4 SLM MPaG kW H 2 Flow Rate SAE J2719 Eq. H 2 Purity 10 min 54dB H 2 Mode Power Mode Noise 13 kW 40 % 30 % 1455mm 1330mm 705mm

7. System Flow Grid Natural Gas Reforming DMS (FC or H 2 Pump) Hydrogen Compressor Electricity Heating FCV PSA ～ Inverter

8. Operation Mode 66121824 Power Mode 12 h H 2 Mode 6 h Thermal Demand Time Operation Typical Operation Pattern

9. Operation Mode Grid Natural Gas Reforming DMS (H2 Pump) Hydrogen Compressor Electricity Heating FCV PSA ～ Inverter Hydrogen Mode ➤ Generating Hydrogen ➤ Charge Compressed H 2 to FCV ➤ Perform Overnight Fill

10. Operation Mode Grid Natural Gas Reforming Hydrogen Compressor Electricity Heating FCV PSA ～ Inverter Power Mode ➤ Generating Electricity ➤ Export Electricity to Grid DMS (Fuel Cell)

11. Dual Mode Stack Reformate H 2.H 2 O Exhaust Power Supply Cathode H+H+ Reformate Air Exhaust e-e- Fuel Cell Hydrogen Pump Anode Cathode H+H+ Technology ➤ Fuel Cell and H 2 Pump Combined stack ➤ Hydrogen purify and pressurize (H 2 Pump) Max Power H 2 Flow Rate Discharge Press. 5.5 65 0.8 kW SLM MPaG Specification Anode

12. Typical Customer in the LA Area Electricity usage – 15,230 kWhr/year Heat usage – 13,827 kWhr/year Vehicle - 4 cylinder “C/D” class –24,000 kilometers/year –1924 liters/year

13. How Does One Compare Systems? Today Centralized Generation Conventional Car Furnace Hot Water Heater Tomorrow Decentralized Generation Fuel Cell Car Combined Heat and Power

14. Common Ground Fuel Utilization Overall Efficiency Minimize Waste

15. Fuel Utilization The Home Energy Station provides about a 10% improvement in fuel utilization per year ~10% Increase in Utilization

16. CO 2 Emissions The Home Energy Station provides a 28% reduction in CO 2 per year ~28% Decrease in CO 2

17. Conclusion Home Energy Station Concept Offers a convenient Hydrogen refueling means for FCV at home Contribute to the deployment of FCVs Reduction of CO 2 emissions Save on energy costs Ongoing Validation Test Ongoing at Torrance, CA Provides real world operational experience Refueling for FCV and supplying electricity to building

18. Thank you for your interest