1. THE CELL Membrane Notebook Page 33 & 34

2. Cell Membrane Also called the Plasma Membrane

3. 1. Made of phospholipid bilayer hydrophobictails a. hydrophobic tails (repels water) point inward Chains of fatty acids b. hydrophilic heads b. hydrophilic heads (attracts water) point outward Made of an alcohol and glycerol Fluid Mosaic Model

4. The phospholipids can move sideways to allow water and other Non-Polar molecules to pass through into or out of the cell

5. A. Passive Transport 1. requires no energy 2. occurs with the concentration gradient 3 examples Membrane Transport a. Diffusion

7. Made of proteins, carbohydrates and cholesterol Fluid Mosaic Model

8. a. Cholesterol mc Fluid Mosaic Model Fluid Mosaic Model are scattered throughout membrane help stabilize membrane Make the membrane more fluid 1. Cholesterol – another type of lipid In the cell membrane

9. Proteins Proteins functions

10. Proteins 1) Kinds: 1) Kinds: Proteins, carbohydrates and cholesterol Integral Integral Or Or transmembrane proteins Go all the way through Peripheral Peripheral Only on one side

11. Large molecules Like proteins or carbohydrates use proteins to help move across cell membranes. Some of the membrane protein have carbohydrate parts attached to help cells recognize each other and certain molecules

12. Cell Membrane 1.Cell Signaling 2. Selective transport 3. Excretion of wastes 4. Structural support Function Function

14. Membrane Permeability Membrane Permeability Selectively permeable Membrane Transport Membrane Transport

15. examples Osmosis - diffusion of water Water moves from high water (low solute) concentration to low water. Moving down with the concentration gradient

16. Important Terms Hypotonic Solution has lower % solute than the cell; water moves into the cell

17. HypertonicHypertonic Solution has higher % solute than the cell; water moves out of the cell Important Terms Hypotonic

18. HypertonicHypertonic IsotonicIsotonic Solution has same % solute as the cell; water movement in = out Important Terms Hypotonic

21. Water movement

23. Passive Transport - no energy required examples Facilitated diffusion uses membrane proteins example: glucose is carried by permease

26. Predict the Result of Facilitated Diffusion

27. Passive Transport examples Filtration Occurs when pressure is exerted on the fluids and solutes Kidneys Dialysis

28. Active Transport 1.requires energy – ATP 2. movement of mc against the concentration gradient Uses 40% of ATP in cell!

29. Kinds of Active Transport Sodium Potassium pump move ions into and out of the cell against their gradients move ions into and out of the cell against their gradients Helps muscle cells contract

30. Active Transport Pumps Transmembrane /intregral proteins – Change shape to move ions

31. 3. Kinds of Active Transport b. Vesicular transport 1) Endocytosis

33. phagocytosis – “cell eating”, pinocytosis - “cell drinking” Endocytosis Endocytosis

34. Kinds of Active Transport Vesicular transport Kinds of Active Transport Vesicular transportexocytosis