1. World War I Treaties

2. Treaty of London (1915)
By 1915 Italy has realized that the Alliance power will not win the war and therefore will throw her support to the Entente powers (Britain, France, and Russia)

3. In return for their support Italy shall obtain, Tyrol, Trieste, Dalmatia which was under the control of the Austrian-Hungary Empire

4. Brest-Litovsk Treaty (1917) signed by Russia and Germany
Due to the political, economic, and social problems in Russia and to add insult to injury Russia was in the mist of a Revolution.

5. Russia was at the same time taking on heavy casualties with its war against Germany
Russia forced to give up the Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, & Lithuania), Finland, and Ukraine
As a result Russia capitulates

6. Neuilly Treaty (1919)
Due to Bulgaria’s support as a centrist power (Alliance), Bulgaria:
was reduced in size (lost territory to Greece and Romania)
Limited its army to men

7. Recognize the existence of Yugoslavia
Forced to pay reparation payments of over $400 million

8. Treaty of Sevres (1920) & Treaty of Lausanne (1923)
Ottoman Empire is partitioned into new countries and other territories are put under the Mandate of Great Britain and France
Armenia was given its independence

9. Greece and Bulgaria acquired more territories
Ottoman Empire is greatly reduced
Its armies limited to and is forbidden to have an Air Force
Iraq and Palestine are under the Mandate of Great Britain
Lebanon and Syria are under the Mandate of France
The Bosphorus, Dardanelles straits and the Sea of Marmara were to be demilitarized and internationalized

10. Because of the Turkish War of Independence the Treaty of Serves had to be renegotiated hence the Treaty of Lausanne 1923
The result was the nation of Turkey was recognized

11. Treaty of St. Germain (1919)
Austrian-Hungary Empire is separated into 4 new countries: Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia
Territory was also given to Poland, Italy and Romania
The Austrian army was limited to

12. Treaty of Trianon (1920)
Treaty deals with the second half of the Austrian–Hungary Emipre.
Hungary becomes an independent nation

13. The Polish Question
Poland is given its independence and is considered a buffer state b/w Germany and Russia
The division b/w the two countries was known as the Curzon line proposed by British foreign secretary G. Curzon

14. Changes in territories after WWI
Belgium is given its sovereignty back
Alsace and Lorraine is given back to France
Independence to both Austria and Hungary
Serbia is given access to the Aegean Sea

15. New countries in Europe after WWI
Finland (Russia) 3 million pop.
Estonia (Russia) 1 million pop.
Latvia (Russia) 2 million pop.
Lithuania (Russia) 2 million pop.
Poland (Russia, Germany, and Austria-Hungary) 30 million pop.
Yugoslavia (Austria and Hungary, Serbia, and Montenegro) 12 million pop.
Czechoslovakia (Austria-Hungary) million pop.

16. Peace Treaty of Versailles
lose of territory:
Alsace and Lorraine given to France
West Prussia given to Poland
Danzig to be an international city

17. Schleswig given back to Denmark
Saar Basin given to France for 15 years
German people stay where they are
Lose of all colonies in Africa and in the Pacific Rim
War guilt clause on Germany
Reparation payments of $33 billion (Germany never ends up paying the full amount)

18. Reparation payments of $33 billion (Germany never ends up paying the full amount)
Germany’s army is limited to soldiers
Germany can not:
draft any of its citizens for military service
Develop an Air force
Build any submarines
Build defenses along the French border

19. Why was Germany hit so hard?
To Stop German Aggression
Liberation of people from the former Empires
Limitation of arms/weapons (limit the possibility of war
War is now criminal act
Creation of the League of Nations