1. Georgia State Judicial Branch SS8CG4: SS8CG4: The student will analyze the role of the judicial branch in Georgia state government.

2. The First Five December 8, 2014 Agenda Message: No homework tonight Today’s Warm-up: Similarities & Differences Chart ADULT vs. JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM SIMILARITIESDIFFERERENCES 1. 2. 3.

3. Georgia’s Judicial Branch Made up of state’s courts Purpose: – interpret state constitution – protect legal rights of citizens – enforce laws of the state Due Process of Law: Amendments in the Constitution that make sure everyone is protected from abuse by the government. Examples of Due Process include: – Right to a fair and public trial – Right to be present at the trial – Right to an impartial jury – Right to be heard in one's own defense

4. Georgia’s Judicial Branch Supreme Court Supreme Court is state’s highest court. Supreme Court judges are called Justices. State justices are elected to six-year terms. The Chief Justice (leader) is chosen by the other justices. Georgia Supreme CourtGeorgia Supreme Court three main roles are: 1.Determines constitutionality of new laws created by the General Assembly. 2.Review death penalty cases in Georgia 3.Ensures justice for all citizens of the state.

5. Georgia’s Judicial Branch Appellate Court (Court of Appeals) Appellate Court (Court of Appeals) reviews cases (no witnesses and no juries). It is the 2 nd highest court in the state. Trial Courts Trial Courts hear criminal and civil cases –Examples: magistrate, juvenile, state, superior, probate, municipal

6. Laws are divided into two categories: Criminal Laws & Civil Laws Criminal Law: Criminal Law: It protects society from individuals. Crime: Crime: A serious offense, where a prosecutor (lawyer for GA) will start legal action against the person who is accused of a crime. The accused or defendant will be tried in criminal court.

7. Laws are divided into two categories: Criminal Laws & Civil Laws Civil Law: Civil Law: Deals with the relationship between individuals (reality TV court shows). Tort: Tort: An injury or wrong done to a person. The person sues for money (called damages) in a civil court. Plaintiff: Plaintiff: Person who sues. Defendant: Defendant: Person who is being sued.

8. Ticket out the Door Question What is the difference between criminal and civil law?

9. The First Five December 9, 2014 Agenda Message: No homework tonight Today’s Warm-up: Writing Prompt In a paragraph, describe the ways that you can avoid trouble and settle disputes peacefully in the state of Georgia (10 minutes).

10. Georgia’s Judicial Branch felony A felony is a serious crime. It is punishable by a prison sentence of more than 1 year (arson, kidnapping, robbery, rape, burglary, selling drugs, & car theft). capital felony A capital felony is punishable by death (murder). misdemeanor A misdemeanor has a less severe punishment of jail or fine (shoplifting, cruelty to animals, and assault & battery with minor injuries).

11. Misdemeanor Crimes in Georgia Misdemeanors are punishable by: Fine of up to $1,000 Up to 12 months in county jail Both a fine & time in county jail Up to 12 months in a state diversion center For example, simple battery (hitting someone) is a misdemeanor under Georgia law.

12. Felony Crimes in Georgia These crimes are generally treated as felonies: Rape Murder Robbery Grand Theft: Commit a crime of any type and the value is over $400.00 Burglary Selling Drugs Kidnapping Assault & Battery: Harm another person Fraud: Intent to be deceitful These crimes are punishable by one year in prison to a life sentence.

13. State Prisons Georgia has a total of almost 80 state prisons within it's state lines. They are located all over the state. This number includes both men's and women's prisons, but does not include jails or federal prisons in Georgia.

14. Ticket Out the Door What are the differences between felony and misdemeanor crimes in the state of Georgia?

15. The First Five December 10, 2014 Agenda Message: Answer the following 5 homework questions… 1.Why is it necessary to have both civil and criminal law? 2.Explain the difference between a plaintiff and a defendant. 3.What are three examples of felony crimes? 4.What type of punishment can be given for a felony crime? 5.What is the highest court in Georgia and what are its three roles? 6.What are the seven pretrial procedures that an adult accused of committing a crime will go through?

16. Today’s Warm-up: Think-Pair-Share Suppose that SMS is broken into over the weekend when no one is in the building. Offices are trashed and equipment is stolen from the Media Center. When the break-in is discovered, the police come immediately. Crime scene investigators examine the area carefully, collecting and recording evidence. From the evidence (fingerprints, shoeprints, and surveillance tapes) and from reports of witnesses (joggers on the athletic track across from the school), police officers arrest three adult suspects. What happens next?

17. Pretrial Procedures: Adult Justice System The following steps will happen: 1.Law enforcement authorities take the suspects into custody = Arrest. 2.Police make an official record of the rest & suspects are placed in a holding cell = Booking. 3.Suspects will make 1 st appearance before a magistrate judge. 4.Next is the preliminary hearing where the magistrate judge determines if there was a crime committed, and if there is probable cause (sufficient reason) to believe that each suspect committed the crime.

18. Pretrial Procedures: Adult Justice System 5. Next is the grand jury stage. A group of citizens will be chosen from voters in the county to determine whether the evidence and testimonies link the accused to the crime. If it does, the grand jury issues an indictment. 6. Arraignment occurs before superior court judge, who reads the charges and allows the suspects to enter a plea of guilty or not guilty. 7. The last process before a trial is called possible plea bargaining. The accused and their lawyer will try to negotiate for less time or probation with the district attorney.

19. Exit Slip Fill-in the blanks below People who are _____ of a crime are presumed to be ____ until they are proven _____ in a court of law.

20. The First Five December 11, 2014 Agenda Message: Complete Juvenile Justice System worksheet Today’s Warm-up: Delinquent juveniles are those who… A.commit traffic offenses. B.Neglected or abused by parents or guardians. C.Are under 17 years of age and who commit acts that would be crimes if they were committed by an adult. D.Are under 18 years of age and who commit acts that would not be considered crimes if they were committed by adults.

21. Juvenile Court System SS8CG6: The student will explain how the Georgia court system treats juvenile offenders.

22. Juvenile Court System Juvenile:Juvenile: citizen under the age of 17. Common crimes are: 1. truancy(not going to school) 2. Drugs 3. drinking alcohol 4. loitering (hanging around a public place without permission) 5. violating curfews 6. running away from home

23. Juvenile Court System Every county has a juvenile court. Purposes: –help and protect children –provide care for children removed from homes Delinquent Act:Delinquent Act: act that would be a crime if committed by an adult (example: burglary) Status Offense:Status Offense: act that would not be a crime if committed by an adult (example: smoking)

24. Steps in Juvenile Justice Process 1.Juvenile “taken into custody” (arrested) 2.Intake: intake officer evaluates case 3.Detain or release (to parents) 4.Detained juveniles sent to YDC (youth detention center) 5. Probable cause hearing before a judge (Judge Peggy Walker for Douglas County) 6. Dismissal, informal adjustment, or formal hearing 7. Sentencing/ Consequences

25. Georgia’s Seven Deadly Sins Act In 1994, the General Assembly made a law about violent youth crime. Juveniles could be treated as adults by the courts if charged with crimes such as: 1.Murder 2.Voluntary Manslaughter 3.Rape 4.Sodomy 5.Child Molestation 6.Sexual Battery 7.Armed robbery with a firearm Superior courts handle these cases, not juvenile courts. Mandatory 10-year sentences were a part of the new law.

26. Rights of Juveniles Juveniles have the right to a fair and speedy trial. There are no juries in juvenile cases. Parents or guardians may be present at hearings. An attorney must be provided if child’s parents cannot afford one.

27. Ticket Out the Door 1.By Georgia law, who is considered a juvenile? 2.What is the difference between a delinquent act and a status offense?

28. The First Five December 12, 2014 Agenda Message: Unit 6 CDA = Thursday, 12/18 Today’s Warm-up: Respond to the following Juvenile Justice System questions (Think-Pair-Share): Allison is caught at her neighbor’s house during a party with an alcoholic drink in her hand. What type of behavior would this be classified as? What will happen to her? If Allison is caught again with an alcoholic drink what might happen to her?

29. Collaborative Group Activity Work in collaborative groups of 4-5 students to discuss the steps of the justice system & the rights of a juvenile in the justice system according to your assigned scenario. Each group will share their scenario & the group responses with the class.

30. Ticket out the Door Question In your own words, what is the Seven Deadly Sins Act that the General Assembly made law in 1994?